Revolts, Rebellion, Resistance WALT WASI Give examples and causes of current global issues Retell the story of independence for the Haitian people

Tuesday, January 30, 2018 What do you think the term COLONIAL MERCANTILISM might mean? Hint: You have heard the words COLONY and MERCANTILE before!

The African Slave Rebellion in Hispaniola 1522-

Hispaniola One of the most brutal slave labor systems was on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola.

St. Domingue Colony Hispaniola was divided between Spain and France in a 1697 treaty To provide labor for the colony’s sugar and coffee plantations, hundreds of thousands of slaves were imported from French colonies in Africa The French plantation owners effectively ruled St. Domingue, often treating their slaves even worse than the government in France considered acceptable

Hopes for Freedom By the late 1700s, intellectuals in France were already beginning to call for the abolition of slavery In 1789 the outbreak of the French Revolution caused a massive upheaval of French society This brought about declarations of equality for all, potentially including African slaves in the colonies.

Open Rebellion In August 1791-revolt broke out among slaves in the north of St. Domingue. Highly developed and organized army The rebel army grew to include tens of thousands slaves They burned their former masters’ fields Cut down all who stood against them Took rapid control of large areas of the colony’s countryside

War against France A brutal war against French troops began Eventually becoming an international conflict Colonial powers England and Spain declared war on France

Former slave Francois Dominique Toussaint Louverture With support from the new French Republic Began to govern St. Domingue

The Road to Independence Louverture ruled Haiti as a military dictator Successfully avoided Spanish and British invasions Gradually drifting apart from France at the same time

The Road to Independence By 1802, Louverture had taken so much power that Napoleon Bonaparte, sent in the army to reassert colonial control. Napoleon's troops were decimated by Louverture's men On New Year’s Day of 1804, the former slaves declared an independent country named HAITI

America’s stance on Haiti Today https://www.cnn.com/videos/politics/2018/01/12/cooper-hearts-with- haiti-anniversary-ac.cnn