14 May 2009 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Common Platform Framework Proposal] Date Submitted: [30 April 2009] Source: [Benjamin A. Rolfe] Company [Blind Creek Associates] Address [PO Box 798 Los Gatos, CA 95031] Voice:[], FAX: [], E-Mail:[ben @ blindcreek.com ] Re: [15.4g SUN PHY Proposals] Abstract: [Provides a framework fore merging proposals; Describes a set of PHY features and characteristics derived from the multiple proposals that fit into the general class of “Narrow Band Frequency Hopping” proposals. ] Purpose: [Facilitate a collaborative process for converging to a baseline in TG4g] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> 14 May 2009 Smart Utility Networks (SUN) Common Platform Framework for combining the elements of TG4g PHY proposals B. Rolfe, et al. BCA <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> 14 May 2009 Purpose and Scope Purpose: Provide a frame work for combining the elements of TG4g PHY proposals in a logical way; Support a collaborative process. Provide for identifying the most important features of proposals to combine into a common approach that is sufficiently flexible to meet the diverse needs encountered in SUN deployment, while remaining simple enough for low cost implementation. Satisfy the goal of arriving at a common set of features that satisfy the essential needs identified by each participant Scope: narrow band FH B. Rolfe, et al. BCA <author>, <company>

References Frequency Hopping Proposals: 14 May 2009 References Frequency Hopping Proposals: 15-09-0120-04-004g Coronis/ft preliminary proposal 15-09-0124-03-004g Multi rate PHY proposal (ATMEL) 15-09-0127-02-004g smart grid communications preliminary proposal.ppt (Elster) 15-09-0135-01-004g Preliminary proposal for a multi-regional sub-ghz PHY (TI) 15-09-0278-00-004g GFSK PHY proposal for smart utility networks (Silicon Labs) 15-09-0280-00-004g NBFH detailed PHY proposal (SSN, ATMEL, ADI) 15-09-0290-00 Power and spectrum efficient PHY proposal (TI) 15-09-0292-00 ITRON Proposal for TG4g (Itron) 15-09-0304-00-004g FHSS PHY proposal (Elster) 15-09-0305-00 2.4 GHz Narrow Band Frequency Hopping Proposal (Honeywell) 15-09-0310-00-004g Coronis/ft final proposal 15-09-0312-00 PHY and MAC Proposals for low-power consumption SUN (NICT) B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

14 May 2009 Sources B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Look for commonalities 14 May 2009 Merge Method: Look for commonalities B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

This is the scope of this presentation Structure 14 May 2009 This is the scope of this presentation B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Narrow Band, Frequency Hopping 14 May 2009 Narrow Band, Frequency Hopping channel bandwidth of ≤ 500 kHz Nominal power < 1W “Slow hopping”: Complete PPDU is transmitted on one channel before hopping Control at MAC (per PSDU) Moderate data rate “fast hopping”: PSDU is split across multiple channels Control at PHY (< per PSDU) Low data rate Very low energy consumptions B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Cross Reference of FH Proposals 14 May 2009 Cross Reference of FH Proposals F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F7 F8 F9 F10 PHY Parameter MultiRate GFSK-SI NBFH-SAA PSEP-TI ITRON FHSS-EL 24GNBFH Wavenis LPC Operating band (MHz) 868-869.5 450-470, 868-870, 902-928, 950-956 902-928, 2400-2483.5 470-510, 902-928 863-870 others possible 2400-2483.5 915MHz, 868MHz, 316-433MHz Channel BW (-20dB) > 250 < 250 < 100 < 1000 50 kHz; TBD wider channels 30 to 150 Channel spacing kHz ≥ 250 300, 100, 400, 400 300 200, 250, 300 500, 1000 400 1000 50kHz 300kHz ≤ 400 Modulation GMSK GFSK MSK 2 & 4-GFSK 2-GFsk FSK FEC R½ convol. None Specified Block Parity SECDED Optional (Reed Solomon) BCH (31,21) rate 1/3 B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Cross Reference of FH Proposals (2) 14 May 2009 Cross Reference of FH Proposals (2) F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F7 F8 F9 F10 PHY Parameter MultiRate GFSK-SI NBFH-SAA PSEP-TI ITRON FHSS-EL 24GNBFH Wavenis LPC Frequency Hopping MAC PHY PHY frame structure: MAX payload > 1500 2047 1024, 2048 SHR 32-bit pre + SFD 64-bit pre + 16-bit SFD Variable pre + Preamble + 32bpre+16b 32b SFD pre +16 bit SFD CRC CRC-32,16 CRC-32 PCB CRC-16 Data Whitening 8-bit LFSR 9-bit LFSR 8-bit LFSR variable seed Yes Optional Upper Layer Yes (TBD) Data rate(s), kbps 50, 100 40, 100 100 40,75, 50, 100, TBD ≤ 100 9.6kbps – 300kbps 19.2 20 to 160 TX Power Control B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Cross Reference of FH Proposals (3) 14 May 2009 Cross Reference of FH Proposals (3) F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F7 F8 F9 F10 PHY Parameter MultiRate GFSK-SI NBFH-SAA PSEP-TI ITRON FHSS-EL 24GNBFH Wavenis LPC Symbol / chip rate 100 kcps 40, 100 ksps 100 sps 1 bit/symbol Transmit Power or PSD 50mW, 500mW up to 1W up to 1 W Up to 1W Up to 1W (as allowed) up to 0.25W As allowed 10mW- 0.5W TX Power Control Yes Interference detection LBT MAC and/or Higher layer MAC Higher layer MAC,HL Link Quality RSSI, NHL RSSI, MAC RSSI Reliability enhancing features/methods Whitening, FEC, AFA Whitening, Freq Agility Hopping, CRC-32 Freq Agility, FEC Freq Agility, FEC, PHR protection interleaving + FEC MAC, HL Co-existence features LBT, AFA Freq Agility, LDC Freq Agility, chan plan, PHY header fields Channel Plan Freq Agility, TX power ctrl SoP support features Channel diversity channel diversity Split band into sub (2) B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Common Features Shared by Multiple Proposals 14 May 2009 Common Features Shared by Multiple Proposals Narrow band channels From 50kHz to 500kHz Lots of channels in some bands At least one channel in some tiny bands FSK Modulation MSK GFSK (GMSK) 1 and 2 bits per symbol FEC: { None, BCH, Block Parity, BBC} Simple PHY frame Several very similar Support for 2047 octet payload (11 bit length field) Recognize need for 32-bit CRC with longer frames Data Whitening Transmit Power Control B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

14 May 2009 General Requirements B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Operating Frequencies 14 May 2009 Operating Frequencies Band PHY Mode Section MHZ Slow FH Fast FH 316 433  470 510 China (unverified) 863 870 902 928 US 950 956 Japan (unverified) 2400 2483 B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

PPDU Format Configurable preamble length Configurable preamble pattern 14 May 2009 PPDU Format Configurable preamble length Configurable preamble pattern Support for multiple frame formats Unique SFD as frame differentiator Frame payload length 11-bit field CRC-32 (added in MAC) Frame control fields B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Frame w/ scrambler seed 14 May 2009 PPDU Format Examples Octets: variable 2 1 variable Bits: variable 16 8 4 11 Preamble SFD Scrambler Seed FCTRL E X T Frame Length PSDU Includes CRC-32 or CRC-16 SHR PHR PHY Payload Frame w/ scrambler seed Octets: variable 2 variable Bits: variable 16 4 1 11 Preamble SFD FCTRL E X T Frame Length PSDU Includes CRC-32 or CRC-16 SHR PHR PHY Payload Shorter PHR Octets: variable 2 variable Bits: variable 16 1 7 or 11 Preamble SFD PHR Len Frame Length PSDU Includes CRC-32 or CRC-16 SHR PHY Payload 15.4d compatible PHR B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

SFD identifies form of the PHY frame 14 May 2009 PPDU: SFD Octets: variable` 2 1 variable Bits: variable 16 8 4 11 Preamble SFD Scrambler Seed FCTRL E X T Frame Length PSDU Includes CRC-32 or CRC-16 SHR PHR PHY Payload PHR Form SFD Value Form 1 w/seed 0xF3A0 Form 2 (no seed) 0x0A3F Form 3 (4d compat) 0x2DD4 Etc… SFD identifies form of the PHY frame B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

PPDU: Scrambler Seed Field 14 May 2009 PPDU: Scrambler Seed Field Octets: variable 2 1 variable Bits: variable 16 8 4 11 Preamble SFD Scrambler Seed FCTRL E X T Frame Length PSDU Includes CRC-32 or CRC-16 SHR PHR PHY Payload Enables varying the scrambler seed on a per frame basis for enhanced robustness B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

PPDU: Flexible Frame Control Field 14 May 2009 PPDU: Flexible Frame Control Field Octets: variable 2 1 variable Bits: variable 16 8 4 11 Preamble SFD Scrambler Seed FCTRL E X T Frame Length PSDU Includes CRC-32 or CRC-16 SHR PHR PHY Payload FCTRL Bits: 2 FEC : Data Rate : 00b No FEC Payload at default data rate 01b BCH Payload at optional rate A 10b Block Parity Payload at optional rate B 11b BBC Payload at optional rate C Enables over the air detection of different payload data rates and FEC used B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

PPDU: PHY Header Extension Field 14 May 2009 PPDU: PHY Header Extension Field Octets: variable 2 1 variable Bits: variable 16 8 4 11 Preamble SFD Scrambler Seed FCTRL E X T Frame Length PSDU Includes CRC-32 or CRC-16 SHR PHR PHY Payload PHY Header Extension: For future addition of fields to the PHR with backwards compatibiity B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

PPDU: Payload Length Field 14 May 2009 PPDU: Payload Length Field Octets: variable 2 1 variable Bits: variable 16 8 4 11 Preamble SFD Scrambler Seed FCTRL E X T Frame Length PSDU Includes CRC-32 or CRC-16 SHR PHR PHY Payload 11-bits Length field, number of octets in PHY payload. Max Payload size is 2047 octets. B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

15.4d Compatible 15.4d compatible PHR 14 May 2009 15.4d Compatible Octets: variable 2 variable Bits: variable 16 1 7 or 11 Preamble SFD PHR Len Frame Length PSDU Includes CRC-32 or CRC-16 SHR PHY Payload 15.4d compatible PHR controls PHR length, “0” = 7bit length, “1” = 15bit length B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Frame Check Sequence (CRC-32) 14 May 2009 Frame Check Sequence (CRC-32) Longer PHY frame requires stronger CRC IEEE Standard CRC-32 802.3, 802.11, 802.15.3, etc. B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Data Rates 14 May 2009 Chan Spacing kHz Chan BW kHz Modulation kbps Note 50 2-GFSK 20 Fast hoppoing 300 250 2-MSK, 2-GFSK 100 4-GFSK 200 TBD 50, 100 863-870MHz band 400 2-FSK, TBD 600 500 2.4GHz 4-MSK, 4-GFSK 868-870MHz band Notes Channel spacing is the distance between center frequencies; Channel bandwidth is the 20dB occupied BW. The kbps is the over the air bit rate. If FEC is used, the effective data rate is reduced by the code rate. B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

14 May 2009 Data Transfer PHY Signal Flow B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

14 May 2009 PPDU Encoding Process B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Modulation and Coding FSK (MSK, GFSK, GMSK) Modulation index 0.5, 0.75 14 May 2009 Modulation and Coding FSK (MSK, GFSK, GMSK) Modulation index 0.5, 0.75 1 = + fdev 0 = -fdev Selectable Gaussian filter (On/Off) 1 and 2 bits per symbol B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Modulation and Coding Error correcting coding (FEC) 14 May 2009 Modulation and Coding Error correcting coding (FEC) Block Parity (15-09-0135) BCH (15-09-0120) Binary Block Coding (15-09-0124) B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Data Whitening 8-bit LFSR scrambler (15-09-0118) 14 May 2009 Data Whitening 8-bit LFSR scrambler (15-09-0118) taps at bits [8,4,3,2] Varying seed has many advantages MAC control of seed most flexible Should ensure changes often, Different seed on retry Use of channel # as seed has advantages Can define alternate tap sets 9-Bit LFSR scrambler (15-09-278) Same as 15.4d Taps at bits [4,9] Seed can be fixed (by MAC) for 4d compatible mode B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Data interleaving Used for fast frequency hopping 14 May 2009 Data interleaving Used for fast frequency hopping 256 bits mapped into 16x16 bit matrix: Transmit bits from column 0 on chan n, column 1 on chan n+1, etc. à Output 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Input 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Transmit Power Control 14 May 2009 Transmit Power Control May need range to exceed 1W Possible changes in regulations may allow more power (4W proposed in some regions) Implementations vary greatly Different # steps Different granularity value of steps not always linear Need more flexible TPC mechanism than 15.4-2006 B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

14 May 2009 Conclusions B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

Conclusion: Big Tent Approach 14 May 2009 Conclusion: Big Tent Approach Lot of success with narrow band FH systems Varied environmental conditions and deployment scenarios - One size won’t fit all circumstances There’s a good reason for why things have been done the way they’ve been done Healthy set of options can greatly expand usefullnes of the standard Balance B. Rolfe, et al. BCA

14 May 2009 The End Thanks for Listening B. Rolfe, et al. BCA