US Imperialism
Imperialism v Expansionism Imperialism- extending power over foreign lands Ex: Great Britain colonized the US, disregarding the Native American presence Reasons for US imperialism Industrial Revolution increased need for new sources of raw materials, markets to sell goods, and places to invest money Expansionism- Spreading out policy or ideology to new territory -Ex: Opening new trade markets with a foreign nation
Spanish-American War- 1898 War began over liberation of Cuba from Spain US helps Cuba gain independence from Spain Spain also controls Guam, Philippines, and Puerto Rico Why does the US want to help Cuba? Spanish cartoon (1896),criticizing the United States behavior regarding Cuba
Post SP-AM War Moves US does not allow Cuba full independence as promised US takes control of Spain’s territories of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, as well as German territories of Midway Island and the Samoan Islands Philippines- After Spain’s empire falls, the US does not recognize the Philippines’ independence US invades and wages war against islanders
Philippines Surrender to US
SP-AM War as an Act of Expansion Social Darwinism Many American believed it was America’s duty to “elevate uncivilized people” around the world They used Darwin’s theory of survival of the fittest to justify their ideas Social Darwinism states that uncivilized cultures can’t take care of themselves and will soon die off. Therefore, it is the duty of the civilized nations to take over and control them.
“Elevate Uncivilized People”
SP-AM War as an Act of Imperialism Mark Twain: “I have seen that we do not intend to free, but to subjugate [take over] the people of the Philippines. We have gone there to conquer, not to redeem. It should, it seems to me, be our pleasure and duty to make those people free, and let them deal with their own domestic questions in their own way. And so I am an anti-imperialist. I am opposed to having the eagle put its talons on any other land.”
Hawaii US stirs up trouble and starts a revolution among sugar-growers Queen of Hawaii overthrown US annexes (takes control of) the islands Almost a century later, President Clinton issues an official apology to Hawaiian natives for the actions of the US government
Japan/China Isolationist countries Isolationist means they do not want other nation’s influences in their homeland - European and US traders eventually open up these countries to Western trade - Boxer Rebellion- China tries to throw out Western powers, but is unsuccessful - What does the US get out of this?
Panama US wants to build the Panama Canal –why? Colombia is in control of this area, and says no US supports Colombian insurgents to overthrow the government, then creates the nation of Panama. What does the US get out of this?
Answer in your Notebook For what reasons does the US intervene in foreign lands in the early 1900s?
Economics/trade – ex: China Culture/religion – ex: Pacific Islands Political/military power – ex: Hawaii