Homework Questions.

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Presentation transcript:

Homework Questions

Unit 3: Energy and Momentum Energy Objectives: 1. Define work and calculate the work done by a force. 2. Calculate the kinetic energy of a moving object. 3. Determine the gravitational potential energy of a system. 4. Calculate the power of a system. 5. Apply conservation of energy to analyze energy transitions and transformations in a system. 6. Analyze the relationship between work done on or by a system, and the energy gained or lost by that system. 7. Use Hooke's Law to determine the elastic force on an object. Calculate a system's elastic potential energy.

Elastic Force and Elastic Potential Energy

Elastic Force (Hooke’s Law) Where: Fs = Spring Force K = spring constant (N/m) X = Elongation or change in position from equilibrium (either compression/extension)

Resistance Bands and spring constants Resistance bands are used for resistance training. These bands allow us to get a 'workout' them because stretching the bands requires AND expends energy. Resistance bands are available in different tensions (spring constants) and are color coded accordingly.

Hooke's Law Fspring = kx F (N) x (m) If we graph the relationship between force and elongation the mathematical relationship can be experimentally confirmed. Force (effort required to stretch) x (m) Displacement (elongation)

Varying the displacement/elongation (x) Hooke's Law Fspring = kx Varying the displacement/elongation (x) F (N) F (N) x (m) x (m) small elongations require small forces large elongations require large forces

Slope of an Force-position graph Fspring = kx F (N) Question: What physical property of the spring do we find if we take the slope of the graph (Rise/Run)? Force (effort required to stretch) x (m) Displacement (elongation)

Hooke's Law Rise/Run = F/x = k Varying the spring constant k (the stiffness of the spring) The spring constant is related to the slope the line. F (N) Spring Constant = slope of line (Newtons/meter) x (m)

Hooke's Law Fspring = kx Varying the spring constant k (the stiffness of the spring) The spring constant is related to the slope the line. F (N) large spring constant small spring constant x (m)

Elastic Potential Energy The energy imparted to a spring by the work done must be stored in the Elastic Potential Energy (EPE) of the spring: Like all forms of energy, it is measured in Joules (J).

Note 1 For some reason, the regents exam loves to focus on two types of questions for the regents (Reading a spring constant off of a graph and Two-step problems), so your packet focuses on those two types of questions – However, that doesn’t mean that all problems are two-step.

Note 2: Vertical mass on a spring When talking about masses hanging vertically from a spring, the weight is balanced by the spring force, so they are equal in magnitude and can be used to solve spring problems.

Practice Time/Exams back/Labs