Feb. 21, 2018 You need: Warm Up: Mental Math – be ready. Clean paper / pencil Cell History Timeline Warm Up: Mental Math – be ready. I CAN: identify the organelles within a cell and their function and identify the parts of a microscope.

Mental Math Remember – ONLY write the final answer. Do NOT write the problem or any calculations (on the answer sheet or ANYwhere)

Mental Math 1.) 82 x 3 =

Mental Math 2.) $20 - $11. 50 - $2.75 =

Mental Math 3.) ¾ + ¾ + ¾ =

Mental Math 4.) 25

Mental Math 5.) 57 – 74 =

Mental Math Trade and grade: -you may NOT grade your own, so trade with someone at your table. -use a different grading utensil (colored pencil…but not yellow) -write “checked by ___________” -mark right/wrong -put the grade on the paper (10 points each) -return the paper to it’s owner

Mental Math 246 1.) 82 x 3 =

Mental Math 2.) $20 - $11. 50 - $2.75 = $5.75

Mental Math 3.) ¾ + ¾ + ¾ = 2 ¼

Mental Math =32 4.) 25

Mental Math 5.) 57 – 74 = -17

Field trip

Garris out

Cells and their Organelles Review Organelles are like organs…but MUCH smaller. At what level of organization does life begin? What surrounds all cells? What is meant by semi-permeable? CELLS CELL MEMBRANE PERMEATE – to go through. Semi – permeate…SOME things can go through.

Cells and their Organelles Review Organelles are like organs…but MUCH smaller. 4. The cell membrane is also called the _______________ membrane. 5. Centrioles are found inside what type of cell? 6. What additional layer is found around the outside of a plant cell? PLASMA ANIMAL only CELL WALL

Cells and their Organelles Review DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid 7. Where is DNA found inside the cell? 8. What cell process is controlled by the nucleus? 9. DNA coils tightly during division and assembles into visible __________________. Nucleus Many functions – specifically protein synthesis. Chromosomes

Cells and their Organelles Review 10. Where are organelles located? 11. Where are proteins made in the cell? 12. Do all cells need ribosomes? 13. The process of making proteins is called __________________________________. Inside the cell – all through the cytoplasm Ribosomes All cells need protein so all cells need the protein maker - RIBOSOMES Protein synthesis

Review – Time to collect! 1. Add color 2. Read through events 3. Cut out and align 4. Glue in place (more than one paper is okay.

Hans and Zacharias Jansen 1590 Cell History Timeline ???????????????? 1550 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850

Be sure to WRITE The following SHOULD have been written yesterday, but be sure. It WILL be on a test (like Thursday of next week!!)

Francesco Redi – (1668) People believed flies spontaneously came from meat… “Spontaneous Generation” Redi covered one flask, left one open to air. Observed flies laying eggs on meat. Flies come from flies. Life comes from life. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

All of these statements create the Cell Theory! Francesco Redi (1668) Life comes from life. Schleiden (1838) Plants are made of cells…cells are basic building block of all plants. Schwann (1839) Animals are made of cells…cells are basic building block of all living things. Virchow (1850) Cells come from other living cells. All of these statements create the Cell Theory!

Anton van Leeuvenhoek (1670) Robert Hooke (1665) Used a COMPOUND microscope Saw cork (dead plant cells) Described the cell walls (boxes) as “CELLS” Anton van Leeuvenhoek (1670) Looked at pond water…living cells Described the moving beings as “animal-cules”

Review Compound Microscope 1. Eye Piece – lens closest to the eye. 2. Body Tube – gives distance between eyepiece and objective. 3. Nose Piece – holds the objectives. 4. Arm – holds the tube and lenses. 5. Objective lenses – lens closest to the slide. 6. Stage – platform for the slides. 7. Stage clips – Holds the slide in place. 8. Coarse Adjustment knob – Moves stage up/down (to focus). 9. Diaphragm / IRIS – Controls the amount of light. 10. Fine Adjustment knob – Moves stage up/down slightly 11. Light – Shines light through the slide, lens, tube. 12. Base – Holds up the entire microscope.

Cells and their Organelles ER = Endoplasmic reticulum Check your work 14. How does rough ER differ from smooth ER? 15. Rough ER is connected to the _______________________ and to the ____________________ ER. Rough has ribosomes (making it rough or bumpy). Smooth does not have ribosomes. Outer nuclear membrane smooth

Cells and their Organelles Endoplasmic reticulum 16. Proteins made by rough ER travel to the Golgi in sacks called _____________. Golgi ____________ and ___________ proteins for export out of the cell. Give three jobs of the ER. A. B. C. Vesicles modifies packages Makes proteins and lipids Controls calcium levels in muscles Detoxifies poisons, alcohol, drugs.

Cells and their organelles 18. What process takes place inside chloroplasts? 19. What is the energy for this process? 20. What pigment traps the energy? Photosynthesis – food energy from light energy The light energy is typically the sun. Chlorophyll (green) helps to change light energy into food energy.

Cells and their organelles 21. Chloroplasts are found in what type of cell(s)? 22. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria are like in that they both have _________________ membranes and their own _______. 23. Food, water, and wastes are stored inside ______________. PLANT only…and a few protists double DNA Vacuoles

Cells and their organelles 24. Digestion takes place inside _____________ containing _____________. The largest organelle in plants is the ____________ _____________. What organelle breaks down and recycles worn out cells? lysosomes Digestive enzymes Central vacuole Lysosomes

Cell City Take notes on your worksheet. Tell if found in plant, animal, or both Give the function or JOB Describe what Part in the City it could be EXPLAIN the analogy (comparison)

Cell Membrane BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: controls what substances enter and exit the cell Analogy to City: City “Gate Keeper”

Cell Wall PLANT CELLS ONLY Function: surrounds plants to protect and support the cell Analogy to City: City Border

Nucleus BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: directs all the cells activities (brain of cell) Analogy to City: City Hall

Nucleolus BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: makes ribosomes inside the nucleus Analogy to City: Copy Machine Inside City Hall

Nuclear Membrane BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: controls what enters and leaves the nucleus, protects Analogy to City: gate around City Hall

Chromosomes BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: contains the important blueprints of the cell or DNA Analogy to City: City Mayor

Vacuole BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: stores food, water, waste, and other materials Analogy to City: Warehouses, Water Towers, etc.

Chloroplast PLANT CELLS ONLY Function: captures energy from sunlight and produces food Analogy to City: Solar Energy Plant

Endoplasmic Reticulum BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: built proteins and move them throughout cell or out of cell (Smooth – no ribosomes, Rough – ribosomes) Analogy to City: City Transportation Department

Cytoplasm BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: gel-like fluid between cell membrane and nucleus, allows other organelles to float freely through cell Analogy to City: City Yards

Ribosomes BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: produce proteins Analogy to City: Construction Company

Lysosomes ANIMAL CELLS ONLY Function: contain chemicals that break down food particles and worn out cell parts Analogy to City: Recycle or Waste Management Company

Mitochondria BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: rod-shaped organelle that produce energy (powerhouse) Analogy to City: Energy Plant

Golgi Body BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Post Office BOTH Plant and Animal Cells Function: receives materials from the endoplasmic reticulum and sends them to other parts of the cell Analogy to City: Post Office

The Whole City… Post Office

1. Choose the wrong statement from the following. a) Mitochondria produces most of the energy for the cell. b) Chloroplasts are “food producers.” c) Cell wall controls the movements of materials into and out of the cell. d) Nucleus regulates and controls all cell activities, acting as the “brain” of the cell.

2. Match the cell part to the nickname. 1) Cytoplasm 2) Nuclear membrane 3) Vacuoles a. Gate of the nucleus b. Area of movement where cell parts move c. Storage tanks

School analogy Cut the doors/windows – just three sides. Put the schoolhouse onto colorful paper and trace the box space. Remove the schoolhouse and cut out the square place descriptions. Determine where each square goes – and then glue! Put schoolhouse over top and glue.