.NET Overview Yingcai Xiao

Types of Programming (1) Local: CLI (Command Line Interface) GUI (Graphical User Interface) NUI (Natural User Interface) (2) Web: Server Side, Web Applications, Web Services 4-Tir Enterprise Applications, (3) Cloud: IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): HW PaaS (Platform as a Service): OS SaaS (Software as a Service): SW

Reference Books C# n.n and the .NET n.n Framework, Andrew Troelsen and Philip Japikse, Apress http://proquest.safaribooksonline.com/book/programming/csharp/9781484213322 https://www.amazon.com/C-6-0-NET-4-6-Framework/dp/1484213335/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1497216117&sr=1-1&keywords=C%23+6.0+and+the+.NET+4.6+Framework   Pro ASP.NET MVC, Adam Freeman, Apress http://proquest.safaribooksonline.com/book/programming/microsoft-aspdotnet/9781430265290 https://www.amazon.com/Pro-ASP-NET-Experts-Voice-ASP-Net/dp/1430265299/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1497215850&sr=1-1&keywords=Pro+ASP.NET+MVC+5

Reference Books Reference Books: Professional C# and .NET, Christian Nagel, et. al., Wrox Professional C#, Simon Robinson, et. al., Wrox Microsoft .NET for Programmers, Fergal Grimes, Manning Programming C#: Building .NET Applications with C#, Jesse Liberty, O’Reilly For Beginners: C# Concisely, Bishop & Horspool, Pearson / Addison Wesley Beginning C# Objects from Concepts to Code, Barker and Palmer, Apress Microsoft Visual C#.NET Step by Step, John Sharp, Microsoft Press Visual C#20xx, Deitel & Deitel Understanding .NET, David Chappell, Pearson / Addison Wesley

System Support Integrated Development Platform (IDE): Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 (Web) From Microsoft Imagine (free downloads) The lab computers: CAS 241 and 254 With Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 Windows 7 Server for the course: winverv1.cs.uakron.edu Windows Server

An Introduction to C# and .NET

What is .NET? .Net is a framework for developing OS-platform-independent, Programming-language-independent, web-enabled, distributed applications.

Common Binary Code

OS-Independent Code: Intermediate Languages The trend to support OS-independent binary code is to compile the source code into the binary format of an intermediate language. And to provide an interpreter for the intermediate language on each OS to translate the binary code of the intermediate language into the native binary code of the OS.

Program statements are interpreted one at a time during the run-time. Java Intermediate Language: Java Bytecode Java Source Code (.java) Java Compiler (javac) on OS1 Java Compiler (javac) on OS2 Java Bytecode (.class) Java Interpreter on OS1 (java) Java Interpreter on OS2 (java) Binary Code for OS1 Binary Code for OS2 OS1 OS2 Program statements are interpreted one at a time during the run-time.

JIT Compiler An interpreter interprets intermediate code one line at a time. Slow execution. A JIT (Just-In-Time) compiler compiles the complete code all at once into native binary code before execution. Faster execution.

All programming statements are compiled at compile time. JIT Complier: Java Bytecode Compiler Java Source Code (.java) Java Compiler (javac) on OS1 Java Compiler (javac) on OS2 Java Bytecode (.class) Java JIT Compiler on OS1 Java JIT Compiler on OS2 Binary Code for OS1 Binary Code for OS2 OS1 OS2 All programming statements are compiled at compile time.

.NET OS-Platform-Independence MSIL: Microsoft Intermediate Language Source Code for Language 1 Language 1 Compiler on OS1 Language 1 Compiler on OS2 MSIL Code MSIL JIT Compiler on OS1 MSIL JIT Compiler on OS2 Binary Code for OS1 Binary Code for OS2 OS1 OS2 .NET OS-Platform-Independence

A Common Language

.NET Common Language Runtime To make .NET language independent, CLR (Common Language Runtime) is defined as the runtime environment. CLR defines CTS (Common Type System) which should be followed by all languages to be used in the .NET framework. Syntax: int, for, …, struct, class, Semantics: multiple inheritance not allowed in CTS Object Oriented: encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism Visual Basic (.Net) redesigned to be OO The code that follows CTS standard is called managed code. regular C++ supports multiple inheritance managed C++ does not support multiple inheritance

Source Code for Language 1 Source Code for Language 2 .NET Architecture for Language and Platform Independence (fan-in and fan-out on MSIL) Source Code for Language 1 Source Code for Language 2 Language 1 Compiler on OS1 Language 2 Compiler on OS2 MSIL Code Confirming CTS (Managed Code) CLR on OS1 CLR on OS2 Binary Code for OS1 Binary Code for OS2 OS1 OS2

CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) CLR/CTS for Everyone

CLI : Common Language Infrastructure A specification defines an environment for multiple high-level languages to be used on different computer platforms. Created by Microsoft based on .NET, standardized by MS, Intel, HP and others, ratified by ECMA and ISO. .NET is an implementation of CLI for desktop systems. .NET Compact Framework is an implementation of CLI for portable devices. Open Source implementations: Mono development platform (Novell), Portable .NET (dotGNU)

Source Code for Language 1 Source Code for Language 2 CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) Specification Open Architecture for Language and Platform Independent Programming Source Code for Language 1 Source Code for Language 2 Language 1 Compiler on OS1 Language 2 Compiler on OS2 CIL (Common Intermediate Language) Code Confirming CTS (Common Type System) CLR for OS1 CLR for OS2 Binary Code for OS1 Binary Code for OS2 OS1 OS2

Even though, CLI/CTS/CLR can make a program written in any language to run on any platform, the entire program (including all libraries used) has to be on the platform before running. Can we have part of a program on one computer and another part of the same program on another computer? Distributed Computing. A program is divided into multiple parts and different parts are distribute on different computers. e.g. remote surgery.

Web Enabled & Distributed .NET Stoped 6/22/2017

.Net is Web-enabled and Distributed To run distributed code on the web, we need a standardized way to register and access the code. Registration: UDDI Registry: Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration. Access: SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol WSDL: Web Service Description Language

A Common Language for the Internet (free of compilation and translation)

A Common Language for the Internet Tim Berners-Lee, Director of WWW Consortium CERN : Center for European Particle Research ASCII text (ISO/IEC 8859-1) is platform-independent. HTTP (Hyper Text Transport Protocol) e.g. GET wp.html Assembly Language for the Internet HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) High-level language for the Internet) hyper text: text that describes other text tags: type definition of text in text <title>WP</title> all tags are predefined in HTML only system defined types, no user defined types Recognizable by all types of computers. (World Wide Web)

A Common Language for the Internet HTTP: Communication protocol between client and server. HTML: Common language for the WWW Interpreted by web browsers HTML5: <video>, <audio>, <canvas>, SVG, MathML https://www.khronos.org/webgl/wiki/Tutorial https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5 https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/

A Common Language for the Internet XML (eXtensible Markup Language) Allow user defined tags (types) SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) Standards for defining objects for the Internet Based on XML WSDL (Web Service Description Language) Standards for describing web services for the Internet Based on XML

.NET Architecture for Web-based Distributed Computing Client 1 Client 2 Web Service 1 UDDI Registry 1 WSDL Interface 1 UDDI Registry 2 Web Service 2 WSDL Interface 2 SOAP WEB

Summary Types of Programming .Net Platform Independence Programming Language Independence Web Enabled Distributed Computing