4 more poetry devices...

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Presentation transcript:

4 more poetry devices..

Anaphora Derives from the Greek ‘anapherein’ (to bring back). Anaphora is the deliberate repetition of a word/phrase at the beginning of several stanzas or lines. Spot the use of anaphora (no plural ‘s’) in the following extracts and think about why it might have been used, its effect(s).

‘Some feel rain. Some feel the beetle startle in its ghost-part when the bark slips. Some feel musk. Asleep against each other in the whiskey dark, scarcely there.’ (Joanna Klink, ‘Some Feel Rain’) Here’s another: ‘Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.’ (Martin Luther King Jr’s speech ‘I Have A Dream’)

Rhyme Rhyme is the repetition of syllables, typically at the end of a line. There are several types of rhyme but firstly we should consider what we call poems that rhyme, and those that don’t. Poems that don’t rhyme are created in ‘free’ or ‘blank’ verse. So you can say ‘this poem is in free verse’ or ‘this poem is written in blank verse’ and it means there’s no specific, consistent rhyme scheme. POEMS DON’T HAVE TO RHYME!

Rhyme (continued) Rhyme scheme. Where a poem DOES have a clear rhyming pattern, you can work out what it is and define it using the alphabet. Have a guess at this poem’s rhyme scheme. ‘You have brains in your head. You have feet in your shoes. You can steer yourself any direction you choose. You’re on your own. And you know what you know. And YOU are the guy who’ll decide where to go.’ (taken from ‘Oh, the places you’ll go!’ by Dr Seuss)

Rhyme (cont.) ‘I’m six foot one and I’m tons of fun and I dress to a T End-rhyme is the rhyming of final syllables of a line (the most common type of rhyming, and this helps you work out the rhyme scheme) Internal rhyme is rhyme within a single line, when a word from the middle of a line is rhymed with a word from the end of a line. ‘I’m six foot one and I’m tons of fun and I dress to a T You see, I got more clothes than Muhammad Ali and I dress so viciously I got bodyguards, I got two big cars, I definitely ain’t the whack I got a Lincoln Continental and a sun-roofed Cadillac So after school, I take a dip in the pool, which is really on the wall I got a colour TV, so I can see the Knicks play basketball.’ From the Sugarhill Gang’s 1979 classic, ‘Rapper’s Delight’

Imagery Sure, you can identify imagery and its effect but better if you can be more specific. Visual imagery: something ‘seen’ in your imagination Auditory imagery: represents, evokes a sound Olfactory imagery: “ “ a smell Gustatory imagery: “ “ a taste Tactile imagery: touch, for example heat, cold, softness..

Onomatopoeia Where the sound of a word imitates its sense (e.g. ‘choo-choo’, ‘hiss’, ‘buzz’, ‘clash’, ‘bang’ etc). ‘Over the cobbles he clattered and clashed in the dark-inn yard, And he tapped with his whip on the shutters, but all was locked and barred’ (from Alfred Noyes’ poem ‘The Highwayman’) Adjective = onomatopoeic

Sources “Imagery.” Imagery. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Aug. 2014. “Sugarhill Gang. Rapper’s Delight. Sugarhill, 1979. Vinyl recording. “Summer Reads.” Poetry Foundation. Poetry Foundation, n.d. Web. 16 Aug. 2014.