PROGRESSIVISM

WARM UP ON A SHEET OF PAPER DEFINE THE FOLLOWING WORDS: GIFFORD PINCHOT MUCKRAKER PROHIBITION SUFFRAGE YELLOW JOURNALISM

WHAT IS PROGRESSIVISM? PROGRESSIVISM IS SUPPORT FOR, OR THE ADVOCACY OF SOCIAL REFORM. SOCIAL REFORM MEANS WHAT? CHANGE IN SOCIETY. PROGRESSIVISTS SUPPORTED CHANGING SOCIETY FOR THE BETTER.

THE FOUR GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISTS Protecting Social Welfare Promoting Moral Improvement Creating Economic Reform Fostering Efficiency

TWO AMENDMENTS THAT BEGAN THE PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT

16th Amendment States had been taxing people’s income to fund their governments for a very long time. The Federal government had not needed to do that until the 1910s when Urbanization was hitting its peak. On February 3rd, 1913, the 16th Amendment was adopted. This amendment gave the Federal Government the right to tax people on their income. To this day, they continue to tax people.

TAXES (EWWWWWW)

THE 17TH AMENDMENT Since the beginning of the United States, the individual legislatures of each state appointed their own US Senators. This allowed legislators to appoint their friends to the position, and allowed them to RECALL senators whenever. The 17th Amendment allowed for the people to elect their own senators by popular vote. It was adopted in 1913. Senator Lee Slater Overman, from Salisbury, was the first senator from North Carolina to be elected by the people in 1914. He had served in that spot since the NCGA appointed him in 1903.

LEE S. OVERMAN

MUCKRAKERS

MUCKRAKERS Muckrakers are people that expose unsafe working environments, corrupt business practices, or embarrassing facts about the lives of well-known people. For example… Upton Sinclair wrote a book called The Jungle in 1906 which helped to expose the meat- packaging industry in Chicago. Ida Tarbell wrote a book called The History of Standard Oil that led to the takedown of the richest man on Earth, John D. Rockefeller, and the break-up of Standard Oil into over 30 different BILLION DOLLAR COMPANIES!!!

A LIST OF MUCKRAKERS JACOB RIIS- CITY SLUMS IN NEW YORK (How the Other Half Lives) NELLY BLY- INSANE ASYLUMS (10 Days in a Mad House) LINCOLN STEFFANS- CITY CORRUPTION (The Shame of Cities) IDA B. WELLS- LYNCHINGS RAY STANNARD BAKER- THE PULLMAN STRIKE

THE SHAME OF CITIES Investigated the corruption of city governments. The most famous investigation involved Tammany Hall in New York, which was famous as a political machine for their violent control over everything. Also investigated St. Louis and Minneapolis.

TAMMANY HALL Ran by Boss Tweed and his number two Peter Sweeny Had control over the city government The most famous of the political machines

LINCOLN STEFFENS

THE JUNGLE (1906)

THE JUNGLE (1906)

THE JUNGLE (1906)

THE JUNGLE (1906) PUBLIC OUTRAGE LED TO INVESTIGATION BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT It led to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906. (Notice the date of this act being the same as the Jungle) The PFDA led to the creation of the United States Food and Drug Administration.

UPTON SINCLAIR

PROHIBITION

PROHIBITION Alcoholism was rampant after the US Civil War, as a lot of war veterans used it to drown the PTSD they had gotten or the painful wounds they had accrued. Women around the nation began a movement known as the Temperance Movement, aimed at outlawing the sale of alcohol. Some women, including the famed Carrie A. Nation, went around, tearing down saloons with hatchets.

PROHIBITION PROHIBITION EVENTUALLY BECOMES THE LAW OF THE LAND Alcohol today is a billion dollar industry, and is dangerous when mixed with driving and operating machinery.

CARRIE A. NATION

18TH AMENDMENT People had listened, and the legislators decided to ban drinking once and for all… by amending the Constitution. The 18th Amendment was adopted in 1919. It banned the possession and consumption of alcohol. People in power still kept making and drinking alcohol, which is why they banned it, because it did not hurt them because they did not follow the law. Many died from drinking tainted alcohol, and the government eventually would do away with Prohibition… but that is another story…

SUFFRAGE

SUFFRAGE SUFFRAGE IS SIMPLY THE RIGHT TO VOTE. THERE HAVE BEEN MANY SUFFRAGE MOVEMENTS IN THE HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. AFRICAN-AMERICAN AND WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE ARE THE MOST WELL PUBLICIZED. WOMEN HAVE BEEN ADVOCATING FOR THE RIGHT TO VOTE SINCE BEFORE THE CIVIL WAR.

SUFFRAGE The Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 is the first major outcry for Women’s Suffrage. Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, it got national headlines. Susan B. Anthony is arrested in 1872 for voting. She voted for Victoria Woodhull, the first woman to attempt to run for President. Jeannette Rankin becomes the first woman to be elected to Congress in 1916, which means that men, and men alone voted for a woman! REMEMBER THIS!

SENECA FALLS CONVENTION OF 1848

ELECTION OF 1872

JEANNETTE RANKIN

19TH AMENDMENT The 19th Amendment was passed and ratified, and finally adopted on the 19th of August, 1920. This amendment gave women suffrage, or the right to vote.