Network Models, Hardware, Protocols and number systems 2018-2019 Term1 Network Models, Hardware, Protocols and number systems

Startup Exercise Start your Packet tracer program: Draw a Star topology network including the following (switch 2960 , A server , 3 desktop computers) – connect between them using copper straight cable )

Network Models ( peer to peer and client server) models Unit2 Objectives: Network Models ( peer to peer and client server) models Types of servers Network Hardware and components

Network Models

Network Models Network Models: is network’s physical components and their functional organization and configuration

Clients and Servers Powerful computer (servers) provides resources to small computers called clients. Servers have software installed that enable them to provide information and services, like email or web pages, to other hosts on the network. Each service requires separate server software.

Types of servers File Server Web Server Database Server Game Server Gives clients space to save and get files Stores and gives clients access to webpages Gives access to a database to store and get data Application servers gives clients access to gaming service

Clients and Servers Clients (hosts) are computer that have software to request and display the information obtained from the server. An example of client software is a web browser, such as Internet Explorer, Safari, Mozilla Firefox or Chrome.

Clients and Servers Model Advantages Easy to manage (one administrator) High security All files backed up. Clients can get programs from server Easy to add more computers Disadvantages Costly If server is down no work can be done Not easy to set up

Peer to Peer Network Model All computers are equal. All computers can act as clients and servers. Example : sending pictures by Bluetooth from your phone to laptop

Peer to Peer Network Model Advantages Easy to setup Less complex Cheaper Can be used for simple tasks, ( transferring files and sharing printers) Disadvantages No centralized administration Not secured Can not add more computers Network is slow because all devices may act as both clients and servers

Book Activity – P69

Hardware: are all the parts that you can see and touch Network Hardware Hardware: are all the parts that you can see and touch Example of Hardware : Screen Keyboard Tablet

Software: is made up of all the programs and apps Network Hardware Software: is made up of all the programs and apps Example of Software : Packet Tracer Office (Word – Excel …) Internet Explorer

End Devices End Devices (hosts): refers to all the devices used to send or receive data Some examples of end devices are: Computers (such as work stations, laptops, file servers and web servers) Network printers Telephones and teleconferencing equipment Security cameras Mobile devices (such as smart phones, tablets, PDAs, wireless debit/credit card readers and barcode scanners)

End Devices End Devices in Packet Tracer

Network Interface Card (NIC) Network Interface Card: is the port or card where the network cable is connected NIC converts data signals into a signal that can be sent over the medium Each NIC has a MAC address (unique address that identified each device on a local network)

Router Network Devices Network Devices: help us to connect to all hosts together and to access to service on the network Router

Network Devices Network Devices in Packet Tracer

Network Devices - Switch Switch: used to connect end devices to a LAN, it uses MAC address to send data frames to correct device

Network Devices - Router Router: used to send packets from one LAN to another, it uses IP address to direct the data packets Home Router is called home gateway to connect LAN to WAN

Book Activity – P76 -84