To Do 7th Lon-Capa assignment due tomorrow by 10 pm. Quiz #5 on Wednesday, April 13 in Discussion. Read Chapter 10.1, 10.2, and 10.8 and do the suggested homework.

VSEPR – General Guidelines Draw the Lewis structure. If the octet rule is exceeded, add electrons to the central atom. Multiple bonds count as one direction (or one “effective pair”). Consider the lone pairs when determining the geometry. Consider only the atoms when determining the shape. Polarity comes from asymmetry.

VSEPR Model

The Charge Distribution in the Carbon Dioxide Molecule

The Charge Distribution in the Ammonia Molecule

The Charge Distribution in the Water Molecule

Clicker Question How many of the following molecules are polar? I. COS II. CCl4 III. XeF4 IV. SF4 a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3 e) 4

The Valence Orbitals on a Free Carbon Atom

The sp3 hybrid orbital

An Orbital Energy-Level Diagram for sp3 Hybridization

The sp2 hybrid orbital

An Orbital Energy-Level Diagram for sp2 Hybridization

(a)The Orbitals Used to Form the Bonds in Ethylene (b) The Lewis Structure for Ethylene

The sp hybrid orbital

An Orbital Energy-Level Diagram for sp Hybridization

A Set of dsp3 Hybrid Orbitals on Phosphorus Atom

An Octahedral Set of d2sp3 Orbitals on Sulfur Atom

Relationship of the Number of Effective Pairs, Their Spatial Arrangement, and the Hybrid Orbital Set Required

Clicker Question What is the hybridization of the central atom in XeF5+? a) sp b) sp2 c) sp3 d) dsp3 e) d2sp3