Hexapoda Insecta Paleoptera Neoptera Polyneoptera Condyloptera Vericrustacea   Collembola: Springtails Protura: Coneheads Diplura: Two-pronged Bristletails Archaeognatha: Jumping Bristletails Zygentoma: Silverfish Hexapoda Insecta Blattodea: Roaches and Termites Plecoptera: Stoneflies   Notoptera: Gladiators Embioptera: Webspinners Phasmatodea: Stick Bugs Mantodea: Mantids Orthoptera: Grasshoppers Dermaptera: Earwigs Ephemeroptera: Mayflies Odonata: Dragonflies Paleoptera Neoptera Polyneoptera Diptera: Flies Mecoptera: Scorpionflies Siphonaptera: Fleas Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths Trichoptera: Caddisflies Coleoptera: Beetles Strepsiptera: Twisted-wing Parasites Neuroptera: Net-winged Insects Megaloptera: Dobsonflies Hymenoptera: Ants, Bees, Wasps Psocodea: Bark and Tree Lice Hemiptera: True Bugs Thysanoptera: Thrips Condyloptera Holometabola

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, hoppers, aphids Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha - antennae on side of head beneath eyes - scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha - antennae on side of head beneath eyes - scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula) Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers - flattened spur at apex of hind tibia

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha - antennae on side of head beneath eyes - scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula) Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!) - head extended into a Snout-like structure

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha - antennae on side of head beneath eyes - scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula) Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!) 16. Cicadidae – Cicadas (157) - 3 ocelli - often large, but can be smaller, too song Periodic cicada (Magicicada) ‘dog day’ cicada song

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha - antennae on side of head beneath eyes - scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula) Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!) 16. Cicadidae – Cicadas 17. Membracidae – Treehoppers - large pronotum that covers the thorax and abdomen

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha - antennae on side of head beneath eyes - scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula) Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!) - antennae in front of head between eyes Cicadidae – Cicadas Membracidae – Treehoppers Cicadellidae – Leafhoppers (2500) - two rows of spines on hind tibia

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha - antennae on side of head beneath eyes - scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula) Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!) - antennae in front of head between eyes Cicadidae – Cicadas Membracidae – Treehoppers Cicadellidae – Leafhoppers Cercopidae – Froghoppers / Spittlebugs - hind tibia with a couple spines laterally and short spines at tip

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Sternorrhyncha - antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice - small 2-5mm, look like tiny cicadas with jumping legs

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Sternorrhyncha - antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies - antennae with 3-7 segments, whitish wings, no jumping legs

Unusual for hemiptera … quiescent stage

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Sternorrhyncha - antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies Aphididae – Aphids - wings with 4-6 veins behind stigma extending to wing margin - cornicles - sexual and partheogenetic generations

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Sternorrhyncha - antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies Aphididae – Aphids Adelgidae – Pine and Spruce Aphids - wings with 3 veins behind stigma extending to wing margin - no cornicles - wings held roof-like

ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids - Suborder: Sternorrhyncha - antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies Aphididae – Aphids Adelgidae – Pine and Spruce Aphids 23. Coccidae – Scales

While female scales remain immotile for the rest of their lives once they have found a host, males regrow their legs and usually develop wings at maturity to find females. This is the Kuno scale Eulecanium kunoense. Photo by Joyce Gross (and very impressive it is too - photographing something as minute as a male scale isn’t easy). From: http://coo.fieldofscience.com/2009/12/soft-yet-scaly-taxon-of-week-coccidae.html

Hexapoda Insecta Paleoptera Neoptera Polyneoptera Condyloptera Vericrustacea   Collembola: Springtails Protura: Coneheads Diplura: Two-pronged Bristletails Archaeognatha: Jumping Bristletails Zygentoma: Silverfish Hexapoda Insecta Blattodea: Roaches and Termites Plecoptera: Stoneflies   Notoptera: Gladiators Embioptera: Webspinners Phasmatodea: Stick Bugs Mantodea: Mantids Orthoptera: Grasshoppers Dermaptera: Earwigs Ephemeroptera: Mayflies Odonata: Dragonflies Paleoptera Neoptera Polyneoptera Diptera: Flies Mecoptera: Scorpionflies Siphonaptera: Fleas Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths Trichoptera: Caddisflies Coleoptera: Beetles Strepsiptera: Twisted-wing Parasites Neuroptera: Net-winged Insects Megaloptera: Dobsonflies Hymenoptera: Ants, Bees, Wasps Psocodea: Bark and Tree Lice Hemiptera: True Bugs Thysanoptera: Thrips Condyloptera Holometabola

Mecoptera: Scorpionflies Siphonaptera: Fleas Diptera: Flies Mecoptera: Scorpionflies Siphonaptera: Fleas Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths Trichoptera: Caddisflies Coleoptera: Beetles Strepsiptera: Twisted-wing Parasites Neuroptera: Net-winged Insects Megaloptera: Dobsonflies Hymenoptera: Ants, Bees, Wasps Psocodea: Bark and Tree Lice Holometabola HOLOMETABOLA: COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS

ORDER: Neuroptera ORDER: Coleoptera

ORDERS: Megaloptera and Neuroptera – Dobsonflies and Lacewings - four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’

ORDERS: Megaloptera and Neuroptera – Dobsonflies and Lacewings - four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’ - soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented; no cerci, wing held rooflike over body

ORDERS: Megaloptera and Neuroptera – Dobsonflies and Lacewings - four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’ - soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented; no cerci, wing held rooflike over body - campodeiform larvae (with legs and very active)

ORDERS: Megaloptera and Neuroptera – Dobsonflies and Lacewings - four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’ - soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented; no cerci, wing held rooflike over body - campodeiform larvae (with legs and very active) - pupae naked or in a coccoon

ORDER: Megaloptera: Dobsonflies Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing margin 1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies: ocelli present. Large

ORDER: Megalopera – Dobsonflies Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing margin 1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies: ocelli present. Large. Males may have long tusk used for male-male competition for mates

ORDER: Megaloptera – Dobsonflies Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing margin 1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies: ocelli present. Large. Males may have long tusk used for male-male competition for mates. Larvae (hellgrammites) have 8 lateral abdominal appendages, anal prolegs, and no caudal filament

ORDER: Megaloptera: Dobsonflies Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing margin Corydalidae – Dobsonflies Sialidae – Alderflies: no ocelli; less than 25mm, wings smoky all over

ORDER: Megaloptera –Dobsonflies Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing margin Corydalidae – Dobsonflies Sialidae – Alderflies: no ocelli; less than 25mm, wings smoky all over Larvae aquatic and predaceous, with a terminal filament and no anal prolegs

ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin

ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin - Prothorax elongate 1. Mantispidae – Mantisflies (14) - wingspan about 25mm; raptorial forelegs. Larvae are predators of wasp, bee, and spider eggs. Not a big group, but unambiguous and pretty neat-o.

ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin - Prothorax elongate - Prothorax not elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed 2. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92) - antennae shorter than body, about as long as head and thorax. Resemble damselflies or dragonflies, but with clubbed antennae and softer body.

ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin - Prothorax elongate - Prothorax not elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed 2. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92) - antennae shorter than body, about as long as head and thorax. Resemble damselflies or dragonflies, but with clubbed antennae and softer body. - larvae are ‘doodlebugs’ – prey on ants at bottom of a cone-shaped burrow video

ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings - Prothorax not elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed 2. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92) 3. Ascalaphidae – Owlflies (6) - antennae nearly as long as the entire body; stronger fliers

ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings - Prothorax not elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed 2. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92) 3. Ascalaphidae – Owlflies (6) - antennae nearly as long as the entire body; stronger fliers. - larvae sit and wait predators, sometimes covering themselves with debris

ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings - Prothorax not elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed - antennae varied, but not clubbed/knobbed 4. Hemerobiidae – Brown Lacewings (61) - brown, with forked costal crossveins giving wing a fringed appearance

ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings - Prothorax not elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed - antennae varied, but not clubbed/knobbed 4. Hemerobiidae – Brown Lacewings (61) 5. Chrysopidae – Green/Common Lacewings (84) - green or yellow color, coastal crossveins not forked around wing.

Mecoptera: Scorpionflies Siphonaptera: Fleas Diptera: Flies Mecoptera: Scorpionflies Siphonaptera: Fleas Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths Trichoptera: Caddisflies Coleoptera: Beetles Strepsiptera: Twisted-wing Parasites Neuroptera: Net-winged Insects Megaloptera: Dobsonflies Hymenoptera: Ants, Bees, Wasps Psocodea: Bark and Tree Lice Holometabola

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra - hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath forewings

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra - hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath forewings - mouthparts chewing, mandibulate type

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra - hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath forewings - mouthparts chewing, mandibulate type - larvae variable: vermiform, campodeiform, scarabaeiform, platyform (not shown)

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra - very adaptable

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra - very adaptable - diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra - very adaptable - diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species - eat everything

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra - very adaptable - diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species - eat everything Flower-eating beetle Bean weevils emerging from seeds

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra - very adaptable - diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species - eat everything Fungus beetles Carrion beetle Dung beetle

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra - very adaptable - diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species - eat everything tiger beetle Predaceous diving beetle

etcetera…. Telephone pole beetles Water scavenger beetles Minute moss beetles Mammal-nest beetles Hide beetles Cicada parasite beetles Wood-boring beetles Cedar beetles Fungus beetles Tooth-necked fungus beetles Pleasing fungus beetles Dry-fungus beetles Wounded tree beetles Skin beetles Branch and twing borer beetles Ship timber beetles etcetera….

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax - aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without transverse suture anterior to coxae 1. Dytiscidae – Predaceous Diving Beetles (500)

video

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax - aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without transverse suture anterior to coxae Dytiscidae – Predaceous Diving Beetles (500) Gyrinidae – Whirligig Beetles (56) - appear to have two sets of eyes – above and below the water line. - spin around on surface, preying on insects falling on surface

video

Lateral gills on seg’s 1-9

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax - aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without transverse suture anterior to coxae Dytiscidae – Predaceous Diving Beetles (500) Gyrinidae – Whirligig Beetles (56) - terrestrial; metasternum with transverse suture 3. Carabidae – Ground Beetles (2600) – includes Cicindelinae – Tiger Beetles

Calosoma spp.

Scaphinotus spp.

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax - aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without transverse suture anterior to coxae - Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent - Superfamily Scaraboidea: antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax - aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without transverse suture anterior to coxae - Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent - Superfamily Scaraboidea: antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax - aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without transverse suture anterior to coxae - Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent - Superfamily Scaraboidea: antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge - antennal segments of club can’t close Passalidae – Bessbugs (4): - body flattened dorsally - mentum emarginate

mentum emarginate

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax - aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without transverse suture anterior to coxae - Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent - Superfamily Scaraboidea: antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge - antennal segments of club can’t close Passalidae – Bessbugs Lucanidae – Stag Beetles (24) - dorsal surface evenly rounded - mentum simple Feed on fluids of decaying wood; Male mandibles for combat

ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles - Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent - Superfamily Scaraboidea: - antennal segments of club can’t close Passalidae – Bessbugs Lucanidae – Stag Beetles - antennal segments of club can close 6. Scarabaeidae – Scarab Beetles (1400)

Hercules Beetle June ‘bugs’ Japanese beetle