Enzyme Structure and Function Journal 3-4 Enzyme Structure and Function

Unit 1: Biochemistry and Digestion Reactions in the body Anabolic – building up Example: Dehydration synthesis Endergonic Absorbs/requires energy Energy-poor reactants  Energy-rich products Catabolic – breaking down (CATastrophic…) Example: Degradation Hydrolysis Exergonic Releases energy Energy-rich reactants  Energy-poor products

Reading an energy graph Unit 1: Biochemistry and Digestion Reading an energy graph

What are Enzymes? Enzymes are proteins Biological Catalysts There are as many as 2000 different enzymes in a single cell

What do enzymes do? Speed up reactions (sometimes 10 billion times faster!) Work by lowering activation energy

What do enzymes look like? Enzymes are globular proteins Tertiary or quandary structures (Protein folding) Active site – reactive location on an enzyme

How do enzymes work? Enzyme and substrate are in the same area Enzyme grabs substrate(s) into its active site Substrate is changed into the product(s) of reaction Enzyme releases product(s) and returns to its original shape to be used again

How do enzymes work? Anabolic reactions: Catabolic reactions:

Enzyme specificity Each enzyme has a specifically shaped active site Only one substrate fits into the active site Each enzyme only catalyzes one reaction

What affects enzyme function? What might slow down enzymes? Each enzyme requires specific conditions to function Temperature pH – amount of acid Salinity – amount of salt All of the above 3 can denature an enzyme Enzyme concentration Amount of enzyme