Electrostatics Chapter 32

32.1 Electrical forces and Charges Electrical forces are from atoms opposites attract & Same repel

32.1 Cont’ The charge of the particles are either positive (protons) or negative (electrons)

The atom Positive center Electrons are the same# Neutral Atom

32.3 Coulomb’s Law States that the relationship between distance and charge will determine the force present. Unit for charge is the coulomb (C)

Coulombs' Law

Static Electrons transfer from one object to another. Remember opposites attract.

32.4 Conductors and Insulators What is a conductor? What are some examples of good conductors? What are some examples of good insulators?

Electric Current Chapter 34

Voltage Sources For charges to flow you need a potential difference and a source for the charge Can you name a voltage source? battery, generator

Current vs. Voltage Current or charge flows through a circuit Voltage is the reason why it flows, it does not move Voltage causes current

Analogy for Voltage v. Current

34.4 Electric Resistance This is how well a conductor works. Resistance is ability of a conductor to allow a charge to go through Also thickness or length influence the amount of current allowed

34.5 Ohm’s Law Ohm is a unit for resistance (Ω) Ampere is a unit for current (AMP)

34.6 Ohm’s Law and Electric Shock Your ability to get shocked depends on your condition to a certain extent.

Electrocuted! People die from 120V charges every year Electricity disrupts normal nerve function Also it damages tissues

Electric Shock cont’ How do birds stand on wires? What is the third prong on a plug for?

34.11 Electric Power The rate that electrical energy is converted to another form of energy. Electric power= current X voltage Or 1 Watt=1 amp X 1 volt

Types of electric current DC Direct current - current travels in one path. Voltage source is a battery AC Alternating current – current that repeatedly reverses direction, twice each cycle. Voltage source is a generator

Electric Circuits Chapter 35

35.2 Electric Circuits A circuit is a path that electricity can flow What 3 things must all circuits have: 1. resistance/load 2. conductor/wire 3. voltage source/potential difference/ generator or battery There can be no gaps or breaks

35.3 Series Circuits In a series circuit The current flows through a number of things in one path.

Series Circuits Requirements 1. Current has one path 2. There is resistance from each device on the line. 3. It abides by Ohm’s Law

Series Requirements Cont’ 4. Each device abides by Ohm’s Law 5. Total voltage in each device adds up to the total voltage of circuit.

What does a book series have in common with a series circuit?

Series Disadvantage One thing goes out… they all go out. Winter Lights

35.4 Parallel Circuits Each device on the circuit has its own path and then they connect at two points

Parallel Circuit Requirement 1. each device connects to the same two points 2. Ohm’s law applies separately to each branch

Parallel Requirements cont’ 3. total current= sum of currents in parallel branches 4. as # of parallel branches increase total current through battery increases. 5. Voltage is the same in each branch

All Circuits 2 types of SAFTY DEVICES built into circuit for protection: Circuit breaker & fuse There purpose is to maintain safe amount of current flowing through circuit

35.5 Schematic Diagrams Is a way to write a circuit on paper.

35.5 Schematic Diagrams

Schematic Diagrams