Medium of Instruction and Students’ Self Concept, Motivation, Learning Strategies and Academic Achievement Amy B.M. Tsui The University of Hong Kong

Areas of Investigation EMI vs CMI students – change over time (3 years) in: Self Concept General Goal Orientation Motivation Learning Strategies Academic Achievement

Self Concept General self concept Self concept in learning English Self concept in learning Chinese

Learning Strategies Rehearsal Organization Elaboration Critical Thinking Meta-cognitive Strategies

Sampling No of Schools Number of Respondents Percentage Male Female Total 2 4 3 296 302 247 184 157 104 490 410 192 165 400 792 657 376 322 16% 31% 26% 15% 13% 13 1186 1361 2547 100%

Interviews No. of Sch Gps No. of Ss per group No. of Ss interviewed (15-20 min each) No. Of Missing cases EMI 6 3 2 36 CMI 7 39 Total 75

General Self Concept & MOI Mean scores of general self concept between EMI and CMI students across 3 years

General Self Concept & MOI (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of general self concept between CMI and EMI students (high ability) across 3 years. (Total no. of Ss: 841)

General Self Concept & MOI (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of general self concept between CMI and EMI students (average ability) across 3 years. (Total no. of Ss: 326)

General Self Concept & MOI (by Banding)

Self Concept (Learning English) & MOI Mean scores of self concept in learning English between EMI and CMI students across 3 years

Self Concept (Learning English) & MOI (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of self concept in learning English between CMI and EMI students (high ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 841)

Self Concept (Learning English) & MOI (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of self concept in learning English between CMI and EMI students (average ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 326)

Self Concept (Learning English) & MOI by Banding

Self Concept (Learning Chinese) & MOI Mean scores of self concept in learning Chinese between CMI and EMI students across 3 years

Self Concept (Learning Chinese) & MOI (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of self concept in learning Chinese between CMI and EMI students (high ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 841)

Self Concept (Learning Chinese) & MOI (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of self concept in learning Chinese between CMI and EMI students (average ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 326)

Self Concept (Learning Chinese) & MOI by Banding

Extrinsic Motivation & MOI Mean extrinsic motivation scores between CMI and EMI students across 3 years

Intrinsic Motivation & MOI Mean intrinsic motivation scores between CMI and EMI across 3 years

Extrinsic Motivation & MOI (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of extrinsic motivation scores between CMI and EMI students (high ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 841)

Intrinsic Motivation & MOI (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of intrinsic motivation scores between CMI and EMI students (high ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 841)

Extrinsic Motivation & MOI (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of extrinsic motivation scores between CMI and EMI students (average ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 326)

Intrinsic Motivation & MOI (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of intrinsic motivation scores between CMI and EMI students (average ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 326)

Extrinsic Motivation & MOI by Banding Mean scores of extrinsic motivation scores of EMI and CMI students cross 3 years by banding.

Intrinsic Motivation & MOI by Banding Mean scores of intrinsic motivation scores of EMI and CMI students cross 3 years by banding.

Learning Strategies: Rehearsal Mean rehearsal scores between CMI and EMI across 3 years

Learning Strategies: Rehearsal (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of rehearsal between CMI and EMI students (high ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 841)

Learning Strategies: Rehearsal (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of rehearsal between CMI and EMI students (average ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 326)

Learning Strategies: Rehearsal by Banding

Learning Strategies: Organization Mean scores on organization between CMI and EMI across 3 years

Learning Strategies: Organization (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of organization between CMI and EMI students (high ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 841)

Learning Strategies: Organization (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of organization between CMI and EMI students (average ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 326)

Learning Strategies: Organization by Banding

Learning Strategies: Elaboration Mean elaboration scores between CMI and EMI across 3 years

Learning Strategies: Elaboration (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of elaboration between CMI and EMI students (high ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 841)

Learning Strategies: Elaboration (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of elaboration between CMI and EMI students (average ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 326)

Learning Strategies: Elaboration by Banding

Learning Strategies: Critical Thinking Mean critical thinking scores between CMI and EMI across 3 years

Learning Strategies: Critical Thinking (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of critical thinking between CMI and EMI students (high ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 841)

Learning Strategies: Critical Thinking (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of critical thinking between CMI and EMI students (average ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 326)

Learning Strategies: Critical Thinking by Banding

Learning Strategies: Meta-cognitive Strategies Mean meta-cognitive strategies scores between CMI and EMI across 3 years

Learning Strategies: Meta-cognitive Strategies (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of meta-cognitive strategies between CMI and EMI students (high ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 841)

Learning Strategies: Meta-cognitive Strategies (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of meta-cognitive strategies between CMI and EMI students (average ability) across 3 years (Total no. of Ss: 326)

Learning Strategies: Meta-cognitive Strategies by Banding

Whole Population Mathematics Attainment

Mathematics Attainment Scores & MOI (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of mathematics attainment test of EMI and CMI students (high ability) across 3 years. (Total no. of Ss:  1000)

Mathematics Attainment Scores & MOI (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of mathematics attainment test of EMI and CMI students (average ability) across 3 years. (Total no. of Ss:  400)

Mathematics Attainment Scores & MOI by Banding

Whole Population English Attainment

English Attainment Scores & MOI (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of English attainment test of EMI and CMI students (high ability) across 3 years. (Total no. of Ss:  1000)

English Attainment Scores & MOI (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of English attainment test of EMI and CMI students (average ability) across 3 years. (Total no. of Ss:  400)

English Attainment Scores & MOI by Banding

Whole Population Chinese Attainment

Chinese Attainment Scores & MOI (Comparable Groups: high ability) Mean scores of Chinese attainment test of EMI and CMI students (high ability) across 3 years. (Total no. of Ss:  1000)

Chinese Attainment Scores & MOI (Comparable Groups: average ability) Mean scores of Chinese attainment test of EMI and CMI students (average ability) across 3 years. (Total no. of Ss:  400)

Chinese Attainment Scores & MOI by Banding

Students who preferred learning in Chinese

Students who preferred learning in English

EMI students who preferred learning in English

CMI students who preferred learning in English