Assessment and Management of Acute Pain: A Focus on the Role of Opioids and Multimodal Treatment Approaches

Acute Pain – Epidemiology

Acute Pain – Scope of the Problem

Acute Pain – Scope of the Problem (cont’d)

Acute Pain Impacts Patients’ Lives

Acute Pain Impacts Patients’ Lives (cont’d)

Inadequate Acute Pain Management Can Have Consequences

Reducing Acute Postoperative Pain Lowers Prevalence of Chronic Pain

Current Problems With the Assessment of Acute Pain

Current Problems With the Assessment of Acute Pain (cont’d)

An Alternative Approach?

An Alternative Approach? (cont’d)

An Alternative Approach? (cont’d)

Applicability of Acute Pain Trajectory

Temporal Pain Intensity Differences Between Acute and Chronic Pain

Transition From Acute Surgical Pain and the Development of Chronic Pain

Transition From Acute Surgical Pain to Subacute (Persistent) Pain

Transition Period Between Acute and Chronic Pain

Transition Period Between Acute and Chronic Pain (cont’d)

Transition Period Between Acute and Chronic Pain (cont’d)

Why Is It Important to Treat Pain in the Subacute Stage?

Why Is It Important to Treat Pain in the Subacute Stage? (cont’d)

Why Is It Important to Treat Pain in the Subacute Stage? (cont’d)

Transition Period Between Acute and Chronic Pain

Progression of Acute to Chronic Pain

Progression of Acute to Chronic Pain (cont’d)

Transition Period Between Acute and Chronic Pain

Transition Period Between Acute and Chronic Pain (cont’d)

How Should Subacute Pain Be Treated?

Treatment of Acute Pain

Opioids and Opioid Combinations for Acute Pain

Opioids and Opioid Combinations for Acute Pain (cont’d)

What Is the Role of Opioids in Acute and Subacute Pain

What Is the Role of Opioids in Acute and Subacute Pain (cont’d)

Recommendations for Management

Neuropathic Pain Diagnosis

Risk Factors for Opioid-Related Aberrant Behaviors

Safe Prescribing of Opioids

How Should Subacute Pain Be Treated?

Pharmacological Treatment of Neuropathic Pain

Recommendations

Recommendations for Management

Recommendations for Management (cont’d)

IR Opioids Require Frequent Dosing

ER Opioids Are Designed to Provide Consistent Drug Levels

Key Concepts