Purpose of IPM (= Integrated Pest Management) Use multiple tactics to keep pests off balance. Avoids development of pest resistance. Avoid use of chemicals

Benefits of IPM Safer for people and the environment Less residue on food Reduced pesticide resistance Less damage to “nontarget” organisms

Drawbacks of IPM May alter ecosystems Does not eliminate all pests By introducing organisms, biorational pesticides Does not eliminate all pests Requires intensive planning IPM methods take more time May lose crops before it takes effect

IPM: Integrated Pest Management Goal: Alternative to chemical pesticides. Cultural Method: Minimize what pests need for survival Physical Method: Create barriers between pests and plants; manually remove the pests Genetic Methods: create pest-resistant plant varieties Biological Methods: use natural enemies of the pest to control it. Biorational Pesticides: naturally occurring chemicals or toxins