Poetry Forms

Sonnet Two Kinds of Sonnets A 14 line poem Has specific rhyme pattern Petrarchan (Italian) Two stanzas: one of eight lines, followed by a six line stanza Abbaabba / cdecde Shakespearean (English) Four stanzas: three four line stanzas, followed by one couplet Abab / cdcd / efef / gg A 14 line poem Has specific rhyme pattern Usually written to praise Many are written about love Formal/serious tone Iambic pentameter (rhythm)

By William Shakespeare Sonnet – Sample Sonnet 18 By William Shakespeare Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate: b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, a And summer's lease hath all too short a date: b Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; d And every fair from fair sometime declines, c By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; d But thy eternal summer shall not fade e Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; f Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou growest: f So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. g

Ode Celebrates a single object or idea “Ode To Cheese” Ode To Cheese, Which Makes Us Smile, When Cameras go Clack. Ode To Cheese, Which make us taste, The greatest of flavors, the wackiest of whack. Ode To Cheese, Blue, Gorgonzola, American and Cheddar. Ode To Cheese, Beja and Feta, In all types of weather. Ode To Cheese, For those on a diet, or trying to get fatter. Ode To Cheese, with crackers and wine, with grapes can flatter. Ode To Cheese, when you're sad and happy, Cheese just fits. Ode To Cheese, Mountains and Mountains, or bits and bits. Ode to the Cheese, To appreciate, eat, and take pictures. Ode Celebrates a single object or idea A tribute to an object, person, or event Can be written on just about anything May or may not rhyme Lines and stanzas can vary Elaborate tone Is there rhyme here? How many stanzas? Try one— *your ode can be about anything that you want *it should be at least 10 lines

“She Dwelt Among Untrodden Ways” Elegy A formal poem that reflects on death or another solemn theme Written to memorialize someone Formal & serious tone May or may not rhyme Lines and stanzas vary “She Dwelt Among Untrodden Ways” By William Wordsworth She dwelt among the untrodden ways Beside the springs of Dove, A Maid whom there were none to praise And very few to love: A violet by a mossy stone Half hidden from the eye! Fair as a star, when only one Is shining in the sky. She lived unknown, and few could know When Lucy ceased to be; But she is in her grave, and, oh, The difference to me! Do not stand at my grave and weep Do not stand at my grave and weep; I am not there, I do not sleep. I am a thousand winds that blow. I am the diamond glints on snow. I am the sunlight on ripened grain. I am the gentle autumn rain. When you awaken in the morning’s hush I am the swift uplifting rush Of quiet birds in circled flight. I am the soft stars that shine at night. Do not stand at my grave and cry; I am not there, I did not die. ~Mary Frye What is the poet reflecting on in this poem? Who is he memorializing?

Concrete Definition: A poem that is written in the shape of what it’s about. It is sometimes referred to as visual poetry May or may not rhyme Subject can be just about anything Tone is usually playful or light-hearted The arrangement of lines and stanzas depends on the shape the poet wishes to make