Leaders of the Enlightenment

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Presentation transcript:

Leaders of the Enlightenment This PowerPoint presentation accompanies Closeup Teaching Unit 6.6.1 Leaders of the Enlightenment 1650-1800,

Welcome to the Enlightenment! lasted from about 1650-1800. Welcome to the Enlightenment!

What was the Enlightenment? Attitude and method of thought. Enlightenment: A time when reason was used to find out truths about human beings! “Dare to Know” Immanuel Kant

Roots of Enlightenment Renaissance Humanism Importance of the individual Rediscovery of classical teaching

Roots of Enlightenment Reformation Martin Luther challenged the Catholic Church’s authority and brought on the Protestant Reformation beginning in 1517. German Bible: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Lutherbibel.jpg . http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Luther46c.jpg.

Roots of Enlightenment Scientific Revolution Observation, logic, and reasoning Questioning beliefs and ideas You mean, I’m not the center of everything?! Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Galileo_facing_the_Roman_Inquisition.jpg. http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/galileo/galileotrial.jpg Galileo facing the Roman Inquisition, a painting by Cristiano Banti, 1857

What was the strongest influence on the Enlightenment? Wait until you see how it affects your life! The Renaissance, Reformation, and Scientific Revolution all contributed with new ways of thinking and looking at things. How did the Enlightenment affect common citizens?

Historical Context Period of lntellectual ferment and discussion amongst scholars in Western Europe, leading to new ideas about human behavior.

New Ideas Liberty and Justice- modern democracies now consider essential grew out of this time period. Ideas grew out of French intellectuals knowns as philosophes. Changed way people thought about government and individual’s roles in preserving or overthrowing the ruling regime-choose their government and break away from the tyranny of unfair government.

Origins of Enlightenment Roots can be found in Scientific Revolution Just as Newton applied rational analysis to nature leading to the discovery of natural laws, Enlightenment thinkers applied these techniques to human behavior. Examined political, social, and economic problems. Also shaped by Renaissance and Protestant Reformation. As with Renaissance, humanist argued for the individual. Reformers questioned the authority of the Church and argued inviduals to think for themselves.

The Atlantic Enlightenment John Locke’s influence on the Declaration of Independence is identified by the emphasis placedo n natural rights. In the US the focus was more on political and social reform rather than improvements in other areas. English Enlightenment thinkers, especially Locke, are credited with inspiring the ideals that formed the foundation for the Declaration of Independence and many of the rights protected by the US Constitution and it’s Bill of Rights. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin are 2 of the most prominent North American scholars-created framework for the governement of the US. Influence of the Enlightenment was felt in to the 19th century as colonies overthrew their colonial governments.

The End