CE 3500 Transportation Engineering Vehicle and driver characteristics

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Presentation transcript:

CE 3500 Transportation Engineering Vehicle and driver characteristics March 21, 2011

ANNOUNCEMENTS

Group assignment #2 due Friday!

Exam statistics: Average: 35/50 Standard deviation: 7.8 Max: 48 Average overall grade in the class: 81.3%

OVERVIEW OF DESIGN

In the next few weeks we’ll talk about: Vehicle performance Vertical alignment Horizontal alignment Pavement design

Think about this as “zooming in” even more than in operations. In the next few weeks we’ll talk about: Vehicle performance Vertical alignment Horizontal alignment Pavement design Think about this as “zooming in” even more than in operations.

Horizontal alignment: Today we’ll focus on vehicle performance. As a preview, “vertical alignment” and “horizontal alignment” can be thought of as the following: Vertical alignment: Horizontal alignment:

VEHICLE PERFORMANCE

What is the fastest speed a vehicle can safely handle a horizontal curve? How can we answer this?

How much centripetal force needed? What is the fastest speed a vehicle can safely handle a horizontal curve? Vehicle speed u Radius of curvature R How much centripetal force needed?

How much centripetal force needed? What is the fastest speed a vehicle can safely handle a horizontal curve? Vehicle speed u , mass m Radius of curvature R How much centripetal force needed?

What is the fastest speed a vehicle can safely handle a horizontal curve? Vehicle speed u, mass m Radius of curvature R How much centripetal force needed? Where does this force come from?

Available force comes from friction: Coefficient of side friction (typically around 0.14)

So, to travel the curve safely, we need or

What can we do if we don’t have enough space to design a curve with radius

(Now switching to cross-section) Superelevation: (Now switching to cross-section) What is the side force now?

Superelevation: Gravity

Superelevation: Normal force

Superelevation: Side friction

What is net force in the direction parallel to the road surface?

What is net force in the direction parallel to the road surface? How much force do we need? Therefore

EXAMPLE

A curve has radius 800 ft, side friction coefficient is 0 A curve has radius 800 ft, side friction coefficient is 0.14, speed limit is 50 mph. Is curve safe? If not, how much superelevation is needed?

STOPPING SIGHT DISTANCE

For traffic signals, we said the stopping distance was

Taking grade into account, we have Also, we use PIJR time of 2.5s, rather than 1-2 s for signals. Why?