Acids and Bases Chapter 23

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Presentation transcript:

Acids and Bases Chapter 23

Acids and Bases found in every home Some are corrosive Range in strength from weak to strong

Common acids at home Orange, tomato, lemon, lime Soft drinks aspirin

Common bases in the home Drain opener Draino Shampoo Baking soda ammonia

Properties of acids When mixed with water produce H+ ions Chemical formula begins with H Can be corrosive Sour taste Weak or strong Ph scale 0-7 Change indicators colors Donates + protons

Properties of Bases Form OH- when mixed with water Slippery to touch Corrosive Bitter taste pH scale 8-14 Turn indicators certain colors Accepts + protons

Acids and Bases 23.1 An indicator is an organic compound that changes color in acid and base. For example, the indicator litmus paper turns red in acid and blue in bases.

Some common indicators Cabbage juice.. Range of colors pH paper.. Very specific Universal paper.. Very specific Litmus paper.. Red or blue Phenolphthalein.. Clear or pink Brom thymol blue.. Blue or yellow

Tool used to show if a substance is an acid or base - Very general pH scale Tool used to show if a substance is an acid or base - Very general

Scale from 0-14 7 is neutral Below 7 is an ACID Above 7 is a BASE Ph Scale Scale from 0-14 7 is neutral Below 7 is an ACID Above 7 is a BASE

Strong acids have a pH of below 3 Strong bases have a pH of above 12

Ph scale measures the concentration of H+ ions in a solution. Many H+ ions make it an acid Less H+ ions and more OH- ions makes it a base

Neutralization Acid + base = water and salt NaOH + HCl NaCl + water Process of combining an acid and base to make a neutral salt and water

Buffers are solutions containing ions that react with additional acids or bases to minimize their effects on pH. We have buffers in our stomachs and blood.