RECAP (2017-2019) Jörg Domaschka Ulm University, Germany joerg.Domaschka@uni-ulm.de Thank you for the introduction. Good morning, everybody. Before I start, let me thank the organisers for the opportunitiy to speak here. As already said, my name is Jörg Domaschka, I am from Ulm University in Germany (as you may hear). There, I work as a researcher, post-doc, and team leader. In particular, I am dedicating a large portion of my time to the coordination of the RECAP project.

In case you don’t know where Ulm is, a look at that map may help. We are a small-to-medium size university with about 10,000 students in the areas of Engineering and psychology Medicine Mathematics and Economics Natural Sciences The RECAP consortium itself consists of 9 partners from Spain, Ireland, UK, Sweden, and Germany. Among these, one partner beside UULM is represented which is DCU.

Reliable Capacity Provisioning and Enhanced Remediation for Distributed Cloud Applications For those who really want to know: RECAP stands for Reliable Capacity Provisioning and Enhanced Remediation for Distributed Cloud Applications

Above the Surface I am pretty sure, everyone has used the Internet already. … be it for watching videos of cute kittens … or of other cute animals … there are even rumours that people have used the Internet for something useful such as online gaming. .. And of course everything else such as office and business applications

Major Annoyance: Slow Internet Something is wrong on your end Something is wrong on the Internet Something is wrong on the other end These three very basic options exist why your Internet connection can be slow. Your end, the other end, and something in between. RECAP does not deal with your end. So, if you have an old computer or live in a rural area with limited network capacity, we may not be able to do anything for you. Let’s now look a bit closer to what this is supposed to mean.

The Internet IOE / IOT Apps Internet Of course, the world not only exists of cat videos, but incorporates Be it through classical applications … Facebook, Google search, Netflix … … or via emerging IoT platforms Home automation Smart cities For many, though, the Internet is an abstract thing

The Internet IOE / IOT Apps Internet When we look under the hood, it is clear almost all messages sent to the Internet end up being processed by one server. This is what people tend to forget. People tend to forget that there are computers on the other side of the Internet. Whenever you hit a button in your browser, you create a message that is sent over the Internet to a server

The Internet---Internals IOE / IOT Apps Internet Research questions How many instances? Which hardware for which application? People tend to forget that there are computers on the other side of the Internet Not just one, not just a few, but many, many. It is important to understand that the people operating the servers often are not the same as the ones operating the application. Infrastructure and IT capacity is often rented. Some of these questions were already addresses in a previous project called CACTOS where UULM and DCU and also University of Umea were involved. We created RECAP based on the findings of CACTOS and the insight that the real World is way more complex.

The Internet---Data Centres IOE / IOT Apps Internet In reality, there are many servers out there. It is unknown how many, but there were estimates of 75 millions in 2014 with Microsoft and Google both owning around 1 million of servers. These servers are operated in large buildings (data centres) and consume a lot of energy. Besides the servers, there is of course networking involved (see cables) and storage where all the videos of cute kittens are stored permanently.

The Internet---Data Centres IOE / IOT Apps The fact that the servers are run in data centres makes their operation cheaper and more energy efficient, …). Also it eases the operation and reduces the human effort. The fact that infrastructure can be rented has been named cloud. This gives us the new research question of which data centre should I use for my application? Communication between users and data centre through network CLOUD / DATA CENTRE Research questions Which data centre to use?

The Internet---Networks IOE / IOT Apps Network Network is grouped into different domains Operated by Internet Service Providers (e.g. BT and belwü) Problems: Data may be far away from users (latency) Restricted capacity of individual services CLOUD / DATA CENTRE

The Internet---Network Types IOE / IOT Apps EDGE Network CORE in reality, network is (logically) split in two parts Edge: facing the users Core: facing other ISPs Edge: Closer to users Less capacity CLOUD / DATA CENTRE

The Internet---Edge Networks IOE / IOT Apps EDGE Research questions Which parts to offload? Where to offload to? (When to) move parts around? CLOUD / DATA CENTRE

RECAP Optimisations essence automated optimisation machine learning resolved issues: Geolocation Demand spikes influencing: latency power consumption IOE / IOT Apps EDGE Example: Cache to cater for high load on left hand side on the right hand side uses the data centre CLOUD / DATA CENTRE

Better service quality Lower latency Lower prices Higher availability User Benefits IOE / IOT Apps Better service quality Lower latency Lower prices Higher availability EDGE CLOUD / DATA CENTRE

Less power consumption Adaptation to users Operator Benefits IOE / IOT Apps Higher automation Cheaper operations Less down-time Less power consumption Adaptation to users EDGE CLOUD / DATA CENTRE

Reduced power consumption OpenAccess policy Access to knowledge Societal Benefits IOE / IOT Apps Reduced power consumption OpenAccess policy Access to knowledge Access to Code Jump-start app developers data centre operators EDGE CLOUD / DATA CENTRE Do the big 5 require RECAP Probably not, as they run massive research on their own Help “new” players to keep up Jump start new data centre operators Jump start application developers …

http://recap-project.eu recap2020 joerg.domaschka@uni-ulm.de http://recap-project.eu recap2020 RECAP Project ■ H2020 ■ Grant Agreement #732667 Call: H2020-ICT-2016-2017 ■ Topic: ICT-06-2016