PLASTIC AFRAH Al Rudaini‏

INDEX Definition Physical properties Chemical properties Types manufacturing processes Texture paints

PLASTIC synthetic material made from a wide range of organic polymers such as polyethylene, PVC, nylon, etc., that can be molded into shape while soft and then set into a rigid or slightly elastic form.

Physical properties Transparency flexibility elasticity permeability water resistant electrical resistance Specific Gravity soft when hot

Chemical properties Solubility chemical resistance thermal stability reactivity with water flammability heat of combustion The chemical properties of plastics depend on the type of polymer used during the manufacturing process. Every polymer has very distinct characteristics but most share a few similar characteristics. For instance, most polymers are very resistant to chemicals contained in solvents such as cleaning fluids. They also function as thermal and electrical insulators, which is why appliances, cords, electrical outlets and wiring contain polymeric materials.

Types Thermosetting plastics go through a pliable stage, but once they are set or cured, they become permanently rigid and cannot be softened again by reheating. Thermoplastics are capable of softening or fusing when heated without a change in any inherent properties, and of hardening again when cooled.

uses Thermosetting Plastics Uses: Epoxies (EP): Adhesives and surface coatings . Melamines (MF): High-pressure laminates, molded products, adhesives, coatings. Phenolics (PF): Electrical parts, laminates, foam insulation, adhesives, coatings . Thermoplastics Uses Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) :Pipe and pipe fittings, door hardware Acrylics (Polymethylmethacrylate – PMMA): Glazing, adhesives, caulking, latex paints Cellulosic (Cellulose acetate-butyrate – CAB): Pipe and pipe fittings, adhesives Nylons (Polyamides – PA) :Synthetic fibers and filaments, hardware

manufacturing processes injection Molding  The shaping of rubber or plastic articles by injecting heated material into a mold. Extrusion Molding Extrusion molding calls for a very similar process as injection molding. The machine still melts the plastic. Rather than filling a mold with the plastic, the machine presses the melted plastic through a die that gives the plastic a fixed shape.                                                Blow Molding Is a manufacturing process by which hollow plastic parts are formed. In general, there are three main types of blow molding: extrusion blow molding, injection blow molding, and injection stretch blow molding.

PAINT Khloud alrawahi

INDEX Definition uses Types The constituents of paint manufacturing processes Texture paints Exterior and interior paints

Paints Paint is a mixture of a solid pigment suspended in a liquid and applied as a thin, usually opaque coating to a surface for protection and decoration.

uses   it used to decorate, protect and prolong the life of natural and synthetic materials, and acts as a barrier against environmental conditions

Types Oil paints Alkyd paints Latex paints Epoxy paints Rust-inhibiting pant Fire-retardant paints Heat-resistant paints

The constituents of paint Paint contain: pigment binder extender solvent additives but it is formulated according to their proposed use.

manufacturing processes Accurate measurement of ingredients Ingredients are typically measured by weight on scales, and in some cases by volume in calibrated vats and graduated measuring containers. For batches larger than about 4000 litres Mill-base preparation and pigment dispersion Pigments are powders of small size that tend to stick together to form clumps . These broken down into separate particles that be wetted by resin and additives to stop them sticking together again.

manufacturing processes Let-down .In a separate, larger, vat the rest of the paint (resin, solvent and additives) is combined and mixed.,then the mill-base is added with stirring to the let-down. At this stage, if required by the formulation, any final additions are made and added in Finished product and in process laboratory testing Product quality is monitored throughout the manufacturing process by the Product Verification Laboratory Canning When testing is completed the batch is passed for canning. During canning two samples are taken; a retain sample, which is stored in case it is needed forfuture reference

Texture paints Texture paints is Creating the visual effect of texture without actually adding texture. For instance, a texture created to look like something other than paint on a flat surface.

Exterior and interior paints exterior paints are designed to be applied to stucco and other exterior surfaces with the intent to withstand sun, wind, water and rain it.. increasing the amount of resin and pigment in the paint as well as using more resilient additives. Interior paints are designed to be more delicate than exterior paints and it is designed to be scrubbed. The level of scrubbing is directly related to the .level of gloss in the paint

Exterior and interior paints color. Interior paints may contain organic pigments for color, and certain types of organic pigments are known to significantly fade if used on an exterior surface; exterior paint formulas avoid these pigments, increasing the time needed between outdoor paint projects.