Intermodality and Inland Waterways Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, Greece December 6 - 7, 2004 Intermodality and Inland Waterways George Patris, Secretariat of Corridor VII Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Intermodality: What is it? “Intermodality is a characteristic of a transport system that allows at least two different modes to be used in an integrated manner in a door-to-door transport chain.” European Commission, DG VII, COM/97/243, 1997 Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Why Intermodal? Intermodality Market integration has not been accomplished harmoniously Growing imbalance between modes of transport Increasing congestion and environmental pollution Enlargement and sustainable development: two imperatives that face us with new choices We must ... Change the direction of European transport policy to adapt our mobility system to the new challenges Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Why Intermodal? - Congestion Intermodality Why Intermodal? - Congestion Congestion cost = 0.5% GDP (1% by 2010) Competitive loss and negative external effects Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Why Intermodal? - Energy Intermodality Why Intermodal? - Energy In terms of energy efficiency and the weight of goods which can be moved One litre of fuel moves: 50 tonnes, on road 97 tonnes, on rail 127 tonnes, on inland waterways European Transport Policy for 2010: Time to Decide Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

INTERMODAL TRANSPORT PHYSICAL NETWORK Intermodality SERVICE NETWORK Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Intermodality Physical Network AGTC-Network TEN – T Pan-European Transport Corridors and Areas TINA Network Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Intermodality Service Network Origin Destination Mode(s) Frequencies Handling Tracking Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Pan European Inland Waterways (source INE) Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Enlargement From 1 May 2004, 10 more countries have joined the EU Measures that aim at developing the inland waterways’ infrastructure: liberalisation with regard to free pricing and contracting improvement of fleet structure harmonisation of technical and legal standards guarantee of fair competition between the modes better co-operation between transport operators. According to EUROSTAT data, the enlargement of the Union will increase its inland waterways goods transport by about 40 million tons in the short-term. The enlargement, will lead to a unavoidable shift of emphasis and concentration on the networks which link up with the new Member States. Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Pan-European Corridor VII – the Danube Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Pan-European Corridor VII – the Danube Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Pan-European Corridor VII – the Danube Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Danube region: traffic forecast Growth factors: Road: 1.89 Rail: 1.18 Inland waterways: 2.95 Sea: 2.58 (source NEA) Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Traffic forecast on Danube by type of goods Danube corridor: traffic forecast Traffic forecast on Danube by type of goods (source NEA) Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Danube corridor: transit times Overview of average transit times for different modes, 40’’ container Rotterdam to/from: (source NEA) Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Danube corridor: transit times Overview of average costs for different modes, 40’’ container Rotterdam to/from (single way): (source NEA) Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Revision of the TEN The High Level Group recommended among the priority projects to start before 2010 (List 1) the project: “Eliminating the bottlenecks on the Rhine- Main- Danube”: Rhine-Meuse with the lock of Lanaye as cross-border section Vilshofen – Straubing Wien – Bratislava cross-border section Palkovicovo-Mohacs Bottlenecks in Romania and Bulgaria Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Danube TEN projects 1 2 3 4 1 = Vilshofen – Straubing 2 = Cross border Wien – Bratislava 3 = Palkovicovo – Mohacs 4 = Bottlenecks in Bulgaria and Romania 4 Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Revision of the TEN More specifically: The Rhine-Main-Danube corridor is a major freight route connecting the North Sea (port of Rotterdam) to the Black Sea (in particular the port of Constanta) A major bottleneck occurs on the Straubing-Vilshofen section, in Germany, which has the most limited draught on the entire route Construction work is also necessary on the sections between Austria and the Slovak Republic, and between the Slovak Republic and Hungary, where the water level may at certain times of year drop below 2 metres Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Revision of the TEN The project will improve the competitiveness of the waterway in relation to other means of transport Some 5 billion tonnes-kilometres of freight could be transferred, each year, to waterways in the long term by increasing overall capacity by around 30% In most of the countries concerned, the construction projects are included in the national transport infrastructure development plans Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Revision of the TEN Project’ s overview: TOTAL Route Type of works Distance (Km) End of works Total cost (M€) Vilshofen-Straubing Improving navigability 70 2013 128 Rhine-Meuse 140 2019 500 Lock of Lanaye Construction of a lock - 2010 75 Vienna- Bratislava 47 2015 180 Palkovicovo- Mohacs 358 2014 250 Romania 927 2011 640 Bulgaria (Bathin-Belene) 26 137 TOTAL 1568 1910 Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Revision of the TEN The longer-term priority projects (List 2) include the “Inland waterway Seine-Scheldt”, which according to the Group will allow substantial improvement of the connections between the three large waterway basins in France, in Belgium and in the Netherlands This project was not included in the list of priority projects of European interest only because there was not on 1/10/2003 a firm commitment of the governments of the countries concerned to start works before 2010 Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Conclusions IWW Cost advantage for Inland Navigation, but significant longer transit times Inland navigation is in the intermodal market mainly competitive on medium range distances: 500-1000 km On longer distances (>1000 km) big competition comes from rail, on shorter distances competition from road IWT needs to be fully integrated in the supply chain, ‘floating stock concept’ Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Conclusions The Danube Transport volume in 2020 will be tripled compared to 2000! Required actions to enable this growth: Waterway improvements (TEN projects) Modernization of the fleet and operations Increased awareness among shippers etc. A big potential for the Danube is available, but efforts are definitely needed to enable this huge potential! Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Needs for inland navigation on Danube Conclusions Needs for inland navigation on Danube Clear need for cost reduction and scale advantage: Infrastructural improvements (e.g. more depth) Modern vessels and 24h/7days operation Clear need for reducing the transit time of inland navigation: Higher sailing speeds - bigger and modern vessels Reduction of waiting time at locks, bridges, customs (ICT). More ‘around the clock’ navigation and operation of locks and bridges (24-7) Maximum awareness at shippers, logistic service providers, forwarders about the opportunities of transports via the Danube Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Intermodality and Inland Waterways George Patris, Secretariat of Corridor VII Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, Greece December 6 - 7, 2004 Multimodal Transport and Trade Facilitation Southeast European Forum 2004 Alexandroupolis, 6-7 December 2004

Intermodality