Schematic of elephant ivory showing longitudinal cross-section of a tusk with pulp cavity, dentine, and cementum. Schematic of elephant ivory showing longitudinal.

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Schematic of elephant ivory showing longitudinal cross-section of a tusk with pulp cavity, dentine, and cementum. Schematic of elephant ivory showing longitudinal cross-section of a tusk with pulp cavity, dentine, and cementum. Samples (as shown in Fig. 2) were taken from the proximal end to include the pulp cavity, where the thickness from pulp cavity to the outer cementum sheath was less than 2 cm. Modified from Fisher and Fox (32) with permission from University Press of Colorado. Thure E. Cerling et al. PNAS doi:10.1073/pnas.1614938113 ©2016 by National Academy of Sciences