From pizzo to Addiopizzo

Definition PIZZO Meaning: protection money Literal translation: “beak”

Diffusion 70% of Sicilian shops 70-80% in Palermo* PIZZO 70% of Sicilian shops 70-80% in Palermo* 58% of Sicilian enterprises** * Source: Survey by SOS Impresa & Confesercenti, 2013 ** Source: “The Costs of Illegality”, Fondazione Chinnici, 2008

Quantification 1 Cosa Nostra’s turnover: 2.5 million Euros (usury) * PIZZO Cosa Nostra’s turnover: 2.5 million Euros (usury) * 3 to 5 million euros (pizzo) * 10-20 % of the total Source: SOS impresa 2013

Quantification 2 881 Euro per month (on average)* PIZZO 881 Euro per month (on average)* Like a progressive tax “Let them pay a little but make everyone pay” * Source: “The Costs of Illegality”, Fondazione Chinnici, 2008

Quantification 3 a street vendor: 50-100 € PIZZO a street vendor: 50-100 € a neighbourhood bread store: 150-250 € a simple clothing store: 250 € a local mini-mart: 500 € a jeweller store: 1000 € a hotel: 1000 € a shopping center: 2000-5000 € public works: 2-3% of the contract

Request systems “An offering for the jailbirds” PIZZO “An offering for the jailbirds” “Put yourself in order” The mediator Superglue The “environmental intimidation”: a request you cannot refuse Looking for their own extortionist Threats escalation: symbolic > material > murder

Aims Economic aim (enterprise syndicate) PIZZO Economic aim (enterprise syndicate) Criminal political aim (power syndicate)

Evolution The origin Moving into town: selective pizzo From the 90s: “carpet-pizzo” Today: increase of pizzo requests and violence

Typology NO FREE MARKET PIZZO in cash, monthly “one-off pizzo” payment in kind imposed videopoker imposed suppliers imposed stipulations of subcontracts imposed staff imposed restrictions to the business imposed co-partnership (>expropriation) NO FREE MARKET

Vulnerable business traditional sectors small size family-based PIZZO traditional sectors small size family-based low tech linked to the territory linked to public investments

Any benefit? Mafia = the threat + the protector PIZZO Mafia = the threat + the protector For “pure” victims: a natural benefit (pizzo like a “trading license”) For consenting victims: an unnatural benefit (pizzo like a subscription to be part of a “club” that offers illegal “facilities”)

Costs for the single business (micro-level) PIZZO direct costs: pizzo amount possible cost of reprisals cost of precautionary measures indirect costs: loss of custom staff supplier openings for business bank credit

Costs for the economic system (macro-level) PIZZO Low birthrate of new enterprises Low rate of growth Loss of foreign investments High cost of bank credit Damages the business environment

An assessment of damage over Sicily PIZZO 1 billion Euros per year 1.3 % of Sicily’s GRP* * Source: “The Costs of Illegality”, Fondazione Chinnici, 2008

An assessment of damage over Southern Italy PIZZO Non-growth of added value of southern business caused by the pervasive presence of Mafia is estimated as 7.5 billion Euro per year, that is 2.5% of Southern Italy’s GDP * Without pizzo between 1981 and 2001, Southern Italy’s per-capita GDP would have equalled Northern Italy’s. * Source: Indagine Censis-Fondazione Bnc, 2003

Libero Grassi PIZZO

Addiopizzo!

Addiopizzo “Farewell pizzo” Shift in opinion + trade association + consumers’ association

Addiopizzo “Farewell pizzo” Shift in opinion + trade association + consumers’ association

In the beginning, there was a sticker… ADDIOPIZZO “An entire people that pays pizzo is a people without dignity”

The organization voluntary young grass-roots action-oriented ADDIOPIZZO voluntary young grass-roots action-oriented self-financing non-party nature monothematic

The mission ADDIOPIZZO Push people to stand up to Mafia domination

Brainstorming ADDIOPIZZO

Awareness and responsibility ADDIOPIZZO In Palermo, 80% of the shops pay pizzo When I buy something, I indirectly finance Mafia I am part of the “entire people without dignity” What can I do? What is my power? I am a consumer. I can choose

The ethical consumerism campaign ADDIOPIZZO Consumers Pizzo-free shops & enterprises ADDIO PIZZO “Commission of Guarantee”

Ethics and advantages ADDIOPIZZO Ethical criteria Economic criteria

The logo of the campaign on the shop windows ADDIOPIZZO

Pizzo-free “yellow pages” ADDIOPIZZO

Website and newsletters ADDIOPIZZO

Pizzo-free Festival & Fair ADDIOPIZZO

Pizzo-free Emporium ADDIOPIZZO

Pushing to ethical consumerism ADDIOPIZZO

Pizzo-free tourism ADDIOPIZZO

Pizzo-free Product Brand

Addiopizzo strategies Listening to the environment’s needs Creativity Sharing Communication No copyright Bottom-up “Learning from Cosa Nostra” Strength in numbers

The ants ADDIOPIZZO

July 31, 2007 the crucial moment ADDIOPIZZO Arson at Guajana’s warehouse The reaction of Palermo

In the schools Education in anti-mafia values ADDIOPIZZO Education in anti-mafia values A generational revolution

In the public Trade associations Public bodies Politics ADDIOPIZZO to take responsibility for a common fight to invite their associate members to join the Addiopizzo campaign Public bodies to adopt ethical consumer practices when spending public money to adopt anti-mafia measures Politics to pass bills and promote tangible acts to fight Mafia to expel “connected” or even dubious candidates from their slates

On trial Legal aid and advice suing for damages in the prosecutions ADDIOPIZZO Legal aid and advice suing for damages in the prosecutions against Mafia against shopkeepers charged with “aiding and abetting”

Conticello testifies ADDIOPIZZO

The Addiopizzo effect 2004 - Spotlight on the pizzo problem 2007 - Confindustria’s statement 2007 - Conticello’s testimony 2007 - “Libero Futuro” 2009 - “Compulsory Complaint” National Law 2010 - Di Maio’ s testimony 2010 - “Comitato Paolo Giaccone” 2011 - Addiopizzo outside Palermo

Prospects for the next future ADDIOPIZZO A wider vision: A national “pizzo-free shops” network E-commerce The “Pizzo-free card”: a collective investment

The big picture ADDIOPIZZO Fight pizzo Fight Mafia Free Sicily

http://vimeo.com/99415641