How does the cell transport material? 9/24/07

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Substances cross the cell membrane without the cell expending energy
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How does the cell transport material? 9/24/07

Cell Membrane Regulates what enters and leaves cell Cell membrane like a mosaic

Passive Transport Diffusion Does not require cellular energy Living cells have liquid interior and its surrounded by liquid Diffusion is the tendency for molecules to move from high concentration to low concentration

Diffusion Solution is a liquid mixture of two or more substances Solutions have equal concentrations on both sides

Osmosis Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane Water moves from Higher concentration to lower concentration

Osmosis Isotonic solutions—same strength in and out of cell Hypotonic solution---below strength Concentration in cell is greater than out Hypertonic solution—above strength Concentration out of cell is greater than inside cell

Osmotic Pressure Osmosis exerts a pressure on the hypertonic side of a selectively permeable membrane Cell is filled with salts, sugars, proteins, and other molecules

Facilitated Diffusion Doesn’t use cell energy Uses protein channel to help molecules diffuse across the selectively permeable membrane Needs concentration difference

Active Transport Requires cell energy Moves substances from low concentration to high concentration Example Na and K pump Low concentration Na in cell High concentration K inside cell Pumps Na out and K inside

Active Transport Endocytosis—taking material into cell by means of infoldings or pockets of cell membrane Also called phagocytosis Exocytosis is the removal of large amounts of material outside the cell

Diversity of Cellular Life Unicellular organisms Grow Respond to the environment and reproduce just like multicellular Examples Bacteria Some algae

Diversity of Cellular Life Multicellular Organisms Cells rely on one another or interdependent Cell specialization Particular function within the organism

Levels of Organization Individual Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems

www.cellsalive.com cell model

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