Unit 1 - Geography Geographic terms & themes of Geography notes 2. Themes practice Students will apply the concepts of the five themes of geography to distinguish between different places on earth

What is geography? In your own words. Opener: What is geography? In your own words.

According to Merriam-Webster… Geography is a science that deals with the description, distribution, and interaction of the diverse physical, biological, and cultural features of the earth's surface.

“19 Maps that will Help you put the United States in Perspective” http://www.buzzfeed.com/hnigatu/19-maps-that-will-help-you-put-the-united-states-in-perspect “Why we need Geography” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_pw8duzGUg

Latitude and Longitude The earth is divided into lots of lines called latitude and longitude.

Where is 0 degree? Equator The equator is 0 degree latitude. It is an imaginary belt that runs halfway point between the North Pole and the South Pole. Equator

Where is 0 degree? The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude. This imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica. P R I M E D A N

Lines Longitude lines are vertical and measure East and West. Latitude are horizontal and measure North and South. The lines measure distances in degrees. Latitude Longitude

W E N S

Hemispheres By using the equator and prime meridian, we can divide the world into four hemispheres, north, south, east, and west.

Compass A compass is a tool that helps the user know what direction one is headed. On a map, a compass or a compass rose helps the user locate these directions.

Map Legends Religions Legend The legend is the key to unlocking the secrets of a map. Objects or colors in the legend represent something on the map. Religions Legend

Time Zones The Earth is divided into 24 time zones, corresponding to 24 hours in a day. As the earth rotates, the sun shines in different areas, moving from east to west during the course of a day. Places that have the same longitude will be in the same time zone.

Political Map

Physical Map

Themes of Geography

Location Every place on Earth has a location. There are two types of location Relative Location Absolute Location

Relative Location The position of a place in relation to other places Example: Yosemite National Park is located north of Los Angeles, CA and east of San Francisco, CA

Absolute Location The exact spot on earth where something is found Ex: Niamey the capital of Niger is located at 13 degrees 31 minutes north latitude and 2 degrees 7 minutes east longitude

Place Every place on earth has special characteristics that make it different from every other place Every place can be described in terms of its physical characteristics, including weather, land features, plants, and animals

Place Every place can be described in terms of its human features. These features include a place’s peoples, their culture, and their ideas

Place Example The Sahel desert area is a hot and dry place along the southern edge of the Sahara in Africa. Overgrazing by animals and search for firewood by humans has stripped the Sahel of vegetation

Human-Environment Interaction How people and the environment interact People adapt to their environment Example: People who live in the Sahel wrap their heads with heavy material to keep the hot sun and sand out of their face

HEI People change their environment Example: Developers bulldoze land and level the landscape for buildings and parking lots

Movement Transportation of people, goods and ideas Spatial Movement The movement of people, goods, and ideas People meet their needs either by traveling to other places or by trading with people in other places

Spatial Movement Example Open markets in the Sahel provide centers where herders and farmers can trade their goods

Movement As the amount of movement and the kinds of transportation change, so do other geographic features Example: The movement of people into Alaska during the Gold Rush created a new make-up of people not common to Alaska

Region An area with common characteristics Regions can be defined by more than one characteristic

Region Example The Sahel can be defined as a dry grassland region in Africa because of its physical characteristics. Many people in the Sahel Speak Arabic, so it also can be defined as a region by language The Sahel can be defined as a region by religion because many people are Muslims

Practicing the 5 themes – complete the practice sheet and exit slip Practicing the 5 themes – complete the practice sheet and exit slip. If you do not finish during class, finish for home work.

Unit 1 - Geography Themes practice (2nd, 3rd, 5th) Maps activity Students will apply the concepts of the five themes of geography to distinguish between different places on earth

Practicing the 5 themes – complete the practice sheet and back.

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Unit 1 - Geography Maps activity Students will apply the concepts of the five themes of geography to distinguish between different places on earth

World Maps Assignment Label the following parts on your map: Equator (if applicible) Prime Meridian (if applicible) 4 oceans Label as triangles - Mountain ranges: Himalayan, Andes, Alps Label as squiggly lines - Deserts: Sahara, Kalahari, Arabian Label the lines as they flow - Rivers: Nile, Ganges, Congo, Yangtze, Indus, Amazon *Fill in your legend on the front page

Legend/key mountains deserts rivers

Unit 1 - Geography 1. Finish Maps activity 2. Geography quiz Students will apply the concepts of the five themes of geography to distinguish between different places on earth

Gulf- Persian Gulf

Gulf- Gulf of Mexico

Isthmus- Isthmus of Kra

Peninsula- Florida Peninsula

Island- Hvar

Strait- Strait of Gibraltar

Glacier Prince William Sound

Oasis

Plateau- Colorado Plateau