Aim: Why did the United States pursue policies of imperialism and expansionism during the 19th century?

Lesson Vocabulary 1. What is imperialism? 2. What is expansionism? Policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, and/or socially. 2. What is expansionism? Policy in which a nation attempts to expand its borders or land holdings into new territories.

imperialistic and take over foreign lands Is it better to be imperialistic and take over foreign lands OR is it better to stay isolated and not get involved in anyone’s business?

U.S. Foreign Policy Over Time…

U.S. Foreign Policy (1789-1850) DON’T COPY! Washington’s Farewell Address Avoid permanent alliances, but defend American interests Jefferson’s Empire of Liberty Model of republicanism and democracy Louisiana Purchase (1803) Monroe Doctrine Prevention of European intervention in Western Hemisphere Manifest Destiny Adams-Onis Treaty Webster-Ashburton Treaty Oregon Territory Texas Mexican-American War – Mexican Cession Limited Involvement Domestic economic expansion Protective tariffs Economic dependency on European powers Immigration Mass wave during 1830s-1840s DON’T COPY!

U.S. Foreign Policy During Sectionalism (1850-1860) DON’T COPY! Zachary Taylor (W) Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850) Neutrality of possible Nicaragua canal Millard Fillmore (W) Pursued Asian markets Franklin Pierce (D) Gadsden Purchase (1853) Commodore Matthew Perry Expedition (1853-1854) Encourage trade and diplomatic relations with Japan Convention of Kanagawa (1854) James Buchanan (D) Limited foreign affairs due to onset of Civil War

GLOBAL Manifest Destiny on deck…

TAKE A PICTURE!

IN A NUTSHELL: Reasons for US Imperialism Everyone else is doing it! – Europeans especially So what!! Why? Competition over resources! Competition over POWER!

DON’T COPY!

American Imperialism

Expansionism in Alaska BUT, we got some RESOURCES and cut off Russia from the Americas Paid off! GOLD was found! 49th state to join the US in 1959! The Purchase of Alaska (1867) Russia controlled Alaska Nervous of a GB takeover! We’ll buy it! (USA) We bought Alaska for $7.2 million SEWARD’S FOLLY = we saw no value in it!

U.S. Imperialism: HAWAII From 1820 to 1890, Americans moved to Hawaii as missionaries & fruit plantation owners In 1891, Queen Liliuokalani came to power & tried to reduce the power of Americans living in Hawaii President Cleveland opposed imperialism and Hawaii was annexed under McKinley Became 50th state in August 1959 Americans overthrew Queen Liliuokalani in 1893 & Hawaii was annexed by the USA in 1898

U.S. Imperialism: HAWAII From 1820 to 1890, Americans moved to Hawaii as missionaries & fruit plantation owners In 1891, Queen Liliuokalani came to power & tried to reduce the power of Americans living in Hawaii President Cleveland opposed imperialism and Hawaii was annexed under McKinley Became 50th state in August 1959 Why?? Resources – SUGAR! Pacific Location –naval base and stop before Asia Americans overthrew Queen Liliuokalani in 1893 & Hawaii was annexed by the USA in 1898

Imperialism in Hawaii

U.S. Imperialism: CHINA By the 1890s, European powers were carving China into spheres of influence = exclusive trade rights in Chinese ports Russia, Japan, Great Britain, France, AND Germany all had influence to shut out competitors In 1899, the USA Sec. of State John Hay declared an Open Door Policy in China to allow free trade by any nation in any Chinese port No one responded! So…I’ll take that as a yes? DIPLOMATIC SUCCESS!

REGENTS Review Why did the United States create the Open Door policy toward China? to develop democratic institutions and practices in China to prevent a European and Japanese monopoly of Chinese trade and markets to establish a military presence on the Chinese mainland to support Japanese efforts to industrialize China