BANG! ELEMENT CHEMICAL REACTION COMPOUND MIXTURE ELEMENT if molecules collide with enough force to break them into atoms, a can take place ELEMENT CHEMICAL REACTION hydrogen molecule, H2 BANG! COMPOUND MIXTURE water, H2O ELEMENT a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen molecules oxygen molecule, O2

E 2 H2 + O2 2 H2O + Copyright © 2007 Pearson Benjamin Cummings. All rights reserved.

The Zeppelin LZ 129 Hindenburg catching fire on May 6, 1937 at Lakehurst Naval Air Station in New Jersey.

S.S. Hindenburg German zeppelin luxury liner Exploded on maiden voyage Filled with hydrogen gas In 1937, the passenger airship Hindenburg caught fire and crashed while trying to land at Lakehurst, New Jersey. This incident lead to the use of helium in modern dirigibles (blimps). Headline in Newspaper: “HINDENBURG BURNS IN LAKEHURST CRASH; 21 KNOWN DEAD, 12 MISSING; 64 ESCAPE” 35 people died when the Hindenburg exploded. May 1937 at Lakehurst, New Jersey

Hydrogen is the most effective buoyant gas, but is it highly flammable. The disastrous fire in the Hindenburg, a hydrogen-filled dirigible, in 1937 led to the replacement of hydrogen by nonflammable helium. http://www.thedinosaurboy.com/uploaded_images/T047972A-706781.jpg http://blog.miragestudio7.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/big_hindenburg_explodes_over_lakehurst_01.jpg http://newsgrist.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/hindenburg.jpg

Erosion Takes a Powder Treated Untreated Top soil runoff Chem Matters Sodium polyacrylate = waterlock reduces soil erosion in treated fields by 99% Top soil runoff

Sodium Polyacrylate Absorbent Material Magicians Diapers Farmers Absorbs 700x volume of water Magicians Pour water in hat and it “disappears” Diapers Farmers Anti-erosion powder Add to Soils hold moisture between watering Add link to Dust Bowl in the United States

Specific Heats of Some Substances Substance (cal/ g oC) (J/g oC) Water 1.00 4.18 Alcohol 0.58 2.4 Wood 0.42 1.8 Aluminum 0.22 0.90 Sand 0.19 0.79 Iron 0.11 0.46 Copper 0.093 0.39 Silver 0.057 0.24 Gold 0.031 0.13