Chapter 2 Accuracy vs Precision.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 2 Accuracy vs Precision

Accuracy and precision Accuracy refers to the closeness of measurements to the correct or accepted value of the quantity measured. Precision refers to the closeness of a set of measurements of the same quantity made in the same way.

Accuracy and Precision

Accuracy and Precision Error in Measurement Some error or uncertainty always exists in any measurement. skill of the measurer conditions of measurement measuring instruments

Significant Figures pg. 47 Modern Chemistry Book

Sig Figs Sample Problem D How many significant figures are in each of the following measurements? a) 28.6 g b) 3440. cm c) 910.0 m d) 0.046 04 L e) 0.006 700 0 kg

Significant Figures, continued Chapter 2 Significant Figures, continued Sample Problem D Solution There are no zeros, so all three digits are significant. a. 28.6 g b. 3440. cm By rule 4, the zero is significant because it is immediately followed by a decimal point; there are 4 significant figures. c. 910.0 m By rule 4, the zero is significant; there are 4 significant figures.

Significant Figures, continued Sample Problem D Solution, continued d. 0.046 04 L By rule 2, the first two zeros are not significant; by rule 1, the third zero is significant; there are 4 significant figures. e. 0.006 700 0 kg By rule 2, the first three zeros are not significant; by rule 3, the last three zeros are significant; there are 5 significant figures.

Rounding If the digit following the last digit to be kept is: Chapter 2 If the digit following the last digit to be kept is: Then the last digit should: Greater than or equal to 5 Be increased by 1 Less than 5 Stay the same