English Literature: Exploring Modern texts 40% Section A: Modern Prose or Drama (20%)- 45 minutes (the good news is you can choose from two questions!)

Higher Paper questions Choose two events in Lord of the Flies which you consider to be important. Write about the significance of these events and how Golding presents them. OR: What do you think is the importance of fire in Lord of the Flies? How does Golding present different ideas about fire in the novel? How does Golding present violence in Lord of the Flies? How is Lord of the Flies a novel about power? How is death presented in the novel?

POWER!

Assessment Objectives Section A: Modern Prose or Drama- ‘Lord of the Flies’: A01: respond to text critically and imaginatively; select and evaluate textual detail to support interpretations (10%) A02: explain how language, structure and form present ideas, themes and settings (10%)

Mark scheme bands for H... Band 4: 16-20 marks Band 5: 21-25 marks Candidates demonstrate: 4.1 Considered/qualified response to task 4.2 Considered/qualified response to text 4.3 Details linked to interpretation 4.4 Appreciation/consideration of writer’s uses of language and/or form and/or structure and effect on readers/audience 4.5 Thoughtful consideration of ideas/themes Candidates demonstrate: 5.1 Exploratory response to task 5.2 Exploratory response to text 5.3 Analytical use of details to support interpretation 5.4 Analysis of writer’s uses of language and/or structure and/or form and effects on readers/audience 5.5 Exploration of ideas/themes

Language, structure and form: Allegorical- the characters, objects and setting infused with symbolic significance. Christian symbolism. Realistic dialogue (class- Piggy). Physical descriptions. Figurative language- similes and metaphors. Sensual images for the killing/action moments sow (sex) and Simon. Foreshadowing. Conflict and climaxes build tension leading to final catastrophes. Setting/heat/weather woven throughout to create tension. Form: Omniscient third person narrator- sometimes child-like. Inner thoughts/flashback memories. Cinematic moments.

Structuring a reading paragraph Paragraph Section What goes in it Point Your line of argument Evidence Quotation from the text Analysis Zoom in on particular word or small phrase Interpretation Zoom out to tell us interpretation of setting – multiple if possible Connect Link to another quotation/detail about the setting Evaluate To what extent does it get Golding’s message across/reader response? Building difficulty and skill

SPG 4 3 Candidates spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with consistent accuracy and effective control of meaning in the context of the demands of the question. Where required, they use a wide range of specialist terms adeptly and with precision. Candidates spell, punctuate and use the rules of grammar with considerable accuracy and general control of meaning in the context of the demands of the question. Where required, they use a good range of specialist terms adeptly and with facility.

Key areas to analyse for Higher ‘death essay’: Choice of two deaths eg Simon’s murder, Piggy’s murder, killing of the pig, the ending What leads to the death, its consequences, what it reveals about the characters involved and its importance at the end. Linking of the importance of the death to Golding’s purposes. Importance of the deaths in the structure/patterning of the novel eg parallel between the death of the pigs and Piggy’s death. How Golding presents the mob mentality which leads to Simon’s murder and/or the presentation of his death. Escalation of violence to death. The significance of the ending. Language/techniques used to present the events.

Suggested plan Intro idea that as the novel is an allegory, every event, character, setting is symbolic so everything is of significance on a deeper level. Then give overview of why your two chosen events are so important in the novel. Position Simon’s death within the novel- what has led to this (link one earlier moment with Simon). How Golding uses lang, structure and form to present the death (animalistic brutality/pathetic fallacy/setting at end the sea/religious imagery) What does this reveal about other characters (Jack/Piggy the next day and Jack before) and how is it significant in the novel. 5./6./7. Same with Piggy’s death (symbolism of conch smashing). 8. Short conclusion- perhaps focus on reader response plus the difference between the deaths (the symbolic death through ignorance/confusion/fear of truth/God then allows the savages to rule and democracy to be destroyed- Piggy’s death is deliberate).

Example of conceptualised overview of the deaths of Piggy and Simon As an allegorical novel, Golding brings great significance to all the events, characters and settings in his story as they can all be interpreted on a symbolic level. His novel presents the potential for evil in humans when emotions and basic instincts for survival rule and he uses the microcosm of a group of young boys stranded on an island to explore this idea. Simon’s death in Chapter 9 is the first of the two horrifying climaxes towards the end of the novel where Golding reveals what these boys are capable of in this world where they have made their own rules. The form of the novel has allowed the transformations to unfold as boys painting their faces and enjoying the excitement of hunting become savages without morals who are ruled by fear and control. Our fears for their survival and rescue are established from the start, however this novel unleashes unimaginable tragedy for Simon which for the reader feels surreal and nightmarish in its horror- I had to reread the moment of his death several times before I could accept what had taken place. If Simon’s death is the symbolic destruction of truth through ignorance and fear, then Piggy’s death can be seen as what will happen when that truth has gone. His death alongside the shattering of the conch proves Golding is suggesting that democracy and reasoning will be cast aside and destroyed as control by fear and violence rules supreme. The ‘darkness in man’s heart’ needs to be fought against with moral and logical reasoning so when these are abandoned then man’s bestial instincts will overwhelm him completely.

Suggested plan ‘Power’ essay Introduce idea of allegorical novel so every character is symbolic of something on a deeper level. Overview of Golding’s story and what he was writing about on a deeper level- link to idea of how this is a story about power. How do your chosen characters have power in the novel (no detail yet- just an overview). Write about how Jack is introduced and then 2-3 other moments throughout the novel. What power does he have in each of these moments and how does Golding use language, structure and form to show this. Connect moment for Ralph or Simon or Roger? Conclusion- how we feel about each of these characters at the end of the novel- final images used- and how does this reflect what Golding was trying to suggest?