Islamic Politics.

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Presentation transcript:

Islamic Politics

622 AD two local Arab tribes constantly warring for control of Medina Muhammad seen as an impartial outsider that could resolve the conflict Do you remember the significance of the city Medina to Muhammad? Place of burial for both of his parents Muhammad seen as someone who cares about city but is neutral. Muhammad and his followers moved to Medina and were invited to rule the city

Medina Charter Also known as the Constitution of Medina Officially made him a ruler and recognized him as the prophet of Allah Charter better word because it wasn't really an agreement but more of a unilateral proclamation by Mohammed Blood money is the payment between families or tribes for the slaying of an individual in lieu of "eye for an eye" The Constitution established: the security of the community, religious freedoms, the role of Medina as a sacred place (barring all violence and weapons), the security of women, stable tribal relations within Medina, a tax system for supporting the community in time of conflict, parameters for non-Muslim political alliances, a system for granting protection of individuals, a judicial system for resolving disputes, and also regulated the paying of blood money

632 AD Shia Sunni Muhammad dies party of Ali people of tradition Any qualified Islamic leader can rule Caliph - codified law Shia party of Ali Only descendants of Muhammad can rule Imam - can interpret the law Ali is Muhammad's cousin- family can only take over Sunni-Muhammad's best friend

Ulema Class of Muslims known to be Islamic scholars trained in the whole body of law Muslims have a love of education. Created a societal class of scholars Become teachers at Madrasahs (place of learning), imams at mosques, qadis or Sharia court judges

Mix of Theocracy, Democracy, Republic Theocracy- law based on religious text of Quran Democracy - elected ruler Republic- codified Sharia law represented by the Ulema Political structure is based on three types of government Sharia (Islamic law) deals with many topics addressed by secular law, including crime, politics, and economics, as well as personal matters such as sexual intercourse, hygiene, diet, prayer, everyday etiquette and fasting.

Society Caliph Ulema Families - Fathers