Warm Up #2 Label the following as a physical or a chemical change:

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Warm Up #2 Label the following as a physical or a chemical change: Blow drying hair Burning wood Dissolving chocolate syrup in milk. The atom consists of three “subatomic particles.” What are they? Name any/all that you know, and what charges they have. Do you think all atoms of carbon look exactly the same? If not, how do you think they’re different?

What about Dissolving? Dissolving – when a substance breaks down Solute – the thing being dissolved Solvent – thing doing the dissolving Salt water…a physical change You can separate the salt from the water

The Atom – Most Basic Unit of Matter Chapter 4 The Atom – Most Basic Unit of Matter

Nucleus Discovery

What is Matter? [And Why Does it Matter?] Matter – Anything with a mass, and occupies volume [Volume = Space – measured in liters, milliliters, etc] Mass = grams, kilograms, etc Three Main Forms: Solid, Liquid, Gas

Atom Atom – basic unit of matter Greek Word (atomos - “indivisible”) Has Nucleus (center) and “rings” Consists of SUBATOMIC PARTICLES (sub = below)

Dalton’s Atomic Theory All elements have atoms that are indivisible. (WRONG) “sub atomic particles = PLUM PUDDING” Atoms of same element are identical. (WRONG) Atoms of different elements CAN mix together. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are joined or separated.

Subatomic Particles – Nucleus Nucleus – Center of Atom Consists of TWO subatomic particles Protons – positive charge (+) Neutrons – no charge (0) Relatively same mass (1 amu) Nucleus = VERY dense

Density Review Density – how tightly packed things are in a given space. More dense = more tightly packed Small, weighs a lot Mass over Volume (g/mL)

Also Keep in Mind… Charges = positive, negative, neutral Like charges REPEL Positive repels Positive Negative repels Negative Opposite charges ATTRACT Positive attracts Negative Negative attracts Positive

Quick Quiz #1 What parts of Dalton’s atomic theory were wrong, give examples of why they are wrong. How do you make chocolate milk? Using the terms “solute” and “solvent,” explain the process. Also, explain whether this is a physical or chemical change and why. The density of gold is 19.3 g/cm3. If the water level of your graduated cylinder changes from 25.0 mL to 37.5 mL after an amount of gold is added, calculate the mass of gold.