The Insect Internally

Digestive System Insects possess a complete tube or alimentary canal that takes in food through an anterior mouth & breaks down this food by enzymatic hydrolysis. Enzymes H20 + food absorable molecules + enegry + wastes

Enzymes Enzymes secreted are specific to the diet of the individual. Various glands to increase enzyme production have also evolved.

Food Solid form Liquid form Requires grinding prior to ingestion Chambers are not located within the insect body but outside. Preoral cavity Liquid form Narrowing of the tube & a crop off the side of the esophagus

Circulatory System Insect blood comprising from 5 to 40 percent of weight. Red blood cells are absent. The heart is located in the abdomen. The aorta goes from the heart to the brain first then to the legs and wings along the alimentary canal.

Tracheal system & Respiration Problem with O2 uptake A waterproof exoskeleton O2 molecule is larger than H20 There is insufficient surface area for effective uptake of Oxygen. Thus, the surface area for oxygen uptake comes from an extensive invagination of tubes – Tracheae Oxygen enters the body via spiracles into the tracheae then directly to body tissues.

Muscular System Can make up to 60% of the body Used for all types of movement of the insect.

Excretory System This systems rids the body of all bi-product molecules such as protein wastes. They must detoxify wastes to prevent bodily damage prior to evacuation by combining them with other substances unless large amount of water are present to dilute them.

Nervous System These are specialized tissue that responds to stimuli and carries that response through the body to relay a message for a certain response to occur. Nerve impulse, motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron, axon, collateral branch, ect..

Reproductive System Not used in the daily activity of the insect, but needed for the insect to reproduce.