Lesson 12 Water and reactive metals

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Presentation transcript:

Lesson 12 Water and reactive metals Y9 Chemistry Unit Lesson 12 Water and reactive metals

Lesson Objectives Write word equations of the chemical reactions of reactive metals (group 1 and 2) with water (Ca, K, Na, Mg) 9Fb p.70 Describe ways in which metals can be protected against corrosion from nitric acid, carbonic acid, and sulphuric acid 9Fc p. 72-3

Metals and water Some metals are very reactive Some metals are not Ca, Na, Mg, K Some metals are not Au, Ag, Cu, Reactive metals give off heat (exothermic) when reacted with water and can burn Check out YouTube videos

Reactions of metals with water When a metal reacts with water hydrogen is always given off. The other product will be either a metal hydroxide or a metal oxide. METAL + WATER METAL OXIDE + HYDROGEN METAL + WATER METAL HYDROXIDE + HYDROGEN Copy and complete the following reactions: Sodium + water Potassium + water Calcium + water Iron + steam 29/11/2018

Reactive Metals Are not found as pure elements in nature They have reacted with water or oxygen or other elements to form compounds NaCl, CaO, CaCl2, KBr, MgO, CaCO3 To separate these compounds electricity is used Electrolysis CaCO3

Review: metal reactions Lithium + water Lithium + hydrochloric acid Silver + oxygen Magnesium + sulphuric acid Potassium + oxygen Aluminium + oxygen Manganese + water Sodium + sulphuric acid Lithium + oxygen Nickel + hydrochloric acid Lithium hydroxide + hydrogen Lithium chloride + hydrogen Silver oxide Magnesium sulphate + hydrogen Potassium oxide Aluminium oxide Manganese oxide + hydrogen Sodium sulphate + hydrogen Lithium oxide Nickel chloride + hydrogen 29/11/2018

Acids in the Air CO2, NO2 and SO2 in the air combine with water and make acids which corrode metals carbonic acid sulphuric acid nitric acid

Acids in the Air Metals react with acids to produce metal oxide and hydrogen Metal statues and building structures need to be protected from corrosive acid rain Some metal oxides provide their element with protective coat Aluminum- stays about the same color Copper- turns green

Protecting metals Galvanizing Plating Use zinc carbonate to coat iron Plating Tin or nickel is used to cover the iron Both methods are only temporary -over time the coats will erode

Factors that effect corrosion Amount of acid rain (air pollution) Increase CO2, NO2 and SO2 by Car emissions (CO2) Factory emissions (SO2, CO2 and NO2) Volcanoes (CO2 and SO2) Lightening (NO2)

Factors to know Natural rain has a pH of 5.6 Acid rain has a pH of less than this Zinc coating is called a sacrificial protection because it reacts with oxygen and/or water before the iron

Think About Natural pollution (p. 80-81) What effect can a large volcanic eruption have on the average world temperature on crops and food production Write your ideas in your notebook

Tasks P. 33 in Chemistry Booklet P. 34-5 in Chemistry Booklet Read the information and organize the metals in order of reactivity from least to most P. 34-5 in Chemistry Booklet Read and complete 1-4, ask your teacher if you do not understand how to graph the data HW: complete page 37 in Chemistry Booklet “Quick Check”