http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/chloroplasts.html ENERGY & LIFE http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0076.JPG

Remember… AUTOTROPHS Ex: Green plants, a few bacteria http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm Remember… AUTOTROPHS _____________ can make their own food using energy from sunlight. Ex: Green plants, a few bacteria http://www.seorf.ohiou.edu/~tstork/compass.rose/photosynthesis/chloro_sun_bathing.gif

Remember… HETEROTROPHS http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm Remember… HETEROTROPHS __________________ get energy by consuming other organisms Ex: Animals, fungi, most bacteria http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/ecology/images/fishcartoon.gif

WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ? Remember… WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ? ACTIVE TRANSPORT Na+ - K + PUMP Endocytosis Exocytosis Images: http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm http://www.lionden.com/cell_animations.htm http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/cell-movement.html Animation from:

WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ? Movement Synthesis of biomolecules Reproduction Meiosis: http://www.tokyo-med.ac.jp/genet/anm/ Cilia: http://www.sk.lung.ca/content.cfm?edit_realword=hwbreathe Replication: http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/4c.asp Transcription:http://www.wappingersschools.org/RCK/staff/teacherhp/johnson/visualvocab/mRNA.gif Translation:

CELLS USE ATP TO STORE and RELEASE ENERGY 3 ____ PHOSPHATE GROUPS Adenosine triphosphate ATP = __________________________

ATP can change into ADP Adenosine diphosphate 2 ____ PHOSPHATE GROUPS

ATP releases energy stored in a high energy http://www.cat.cc.md.us/~gkaiser/biotutorials/energy/adpan.html ATP releases energy stored in a high energy chemical bond by removing the phosphate and becoming ADP ATP → ____ + ____ + ADP

Cells ________ energy by adding the phosphate back on to ADP to make ATP. STORE The energy to do this comes from ____________ like _____________ FOODS GLUCOSE It’s like recharging the battery ! ADP + ___ + ________ → ___ ATP

ATP is useful BUT . . . ATP is great for TRANSFERRING ENERGY, but _____ good for storing ________ amounts of energy for the ______________. A single molecule of GLUCOSE stores more than _________the chemical energy. Cells only keep enough ATP around to last a few seconds and recharge it by burning___________. NOT LARGE LONG TERM 90 times glucose http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm Remember… CARBOHYDRATES contain Carbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen (with a ratio of 1 C: 2 H: 1 O) Example: GLUCOSE C6H12O6 Image from: http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

MONOSACCHARIDES Single sugar molecules C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html http://217.60.75.10/llt/biokemi/images/galactose.jpg C5H10O5

CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY Remember … CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY Cells burn GLUCOSE for their energy needs Images from: http://www.miranda.com/library.en/Images/Pictures/girls-runners.jpg http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

CARBOHYDRATES are building blocks for other molecules ATP DNA & RNA POLYSACCHARIDES http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html ATP by Riedell http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/images/dna_bases.gif http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/biochemistry_notes_bi_ch3.htm

Remember … Section 2-3 Starch Glucose

Molecules made by joining MANY sugar molecules together are called ___________________ POLYSACCHARIDES EXAMPLES: Image from: http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/BIOL115/Wyatt/Biochem/Carbos/Carb_poly.gif

_________ cells store GLUCOSE to use later. CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY GLYCOGEN is the way _________ cells store GLUCOSE to use later. ANIMAL Image from: http://www.msu.edu/course/lbs/145/smith/s02/graphics/campbell_5.6.gif

store GLUCOSE for later. CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY STARCH is the way _______ cells store GLUCOSE for later. PLANT Images from: http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/BIOL115/Wyatt/Biochem/Carbos/Carb_poly.gif http://oregonstate.edu/instruction/bb450/stryer/ch21/Slide24.jpg