Erosion & Deposition by Glaciers

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Presentation transcript:

Erosion & Deposition by Glaciers

Glacier Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land They form in areas where more snow falls than melts.

What are 2 types of glaciers? Continental Glaciers Valley Glaciers

Continental Glaciers Cover land or continents Spreads out over millions of square kilometers Covers 10% of Earth’s land Found in Greenland and Antarctica Covered larger parts of Earth (Ice Ages)

Continental Glaciers This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA

Valley Glaciers Forms high in mountains when snow and ice builds up in a mountain valley Stay narrow and long Held in by sides of the mountain Smaller than Continental glaciers Form U-shape valleys

Valley Glaciers (aka Alpine Glaciers)

BOTH Continental & Valley Glaciers Large masses of ice Move slowly on land Shape the land

How do glacier shape the land? Plucking Abrasion

Plucking As glaciers move across the land, they Pick up rocks. The weight of the glacier breaks them apart & they freeze to the bottom of the glacier. Carries rock fragments along with it.

Abrasion Glaciers drag the rock along. The land is gouged & scratched by the rocks.

Deposits & Formations made by Glaciers: Till Moraine Kettle

Till Glaciers make deposits along the land as they melt and drop the sediments from the bottom side Clay Silt Sand Gravel Boulders This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Till deposits along the edge of glacier form a ridge Moraine Till deposits along the edge of glacier form a ridge EX: Long Island in NY is a terminal moraine – the last of the glacial till was dropped here

Kettles When glaciers melt they leave marks Small depressions left in areas when chunks of ice are left in glacial till. They fill in with water and form ponds or lakes Common in Minnesota that was once covered in ice Kettles

How can changes in glaciers provide evidence that our planet is warming up? This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

The Great Lakes

Summary Questions: 1. What weather condition is needed for a glacier to form? 2. How does a glacier move? 3. Why does the snow that forms a glacier change to ice?