Industrial Revolution & World War I Unit The Factory System Industrial Revolution & World War I Unit

Essential Question How did industrialization impact the way of life within cities?

Key Vocabulary Urbanization- The mass movement of people moving from the rural country to the cities. Factory Acts- Laws passed that were designed to protect children by setting limits for the age and hours children could work.

Warm up What do you think the living conditions were like in industrial cities?

Urbanization The increasing demand for workers led masses of people to migrate from farms to cities. This movement is called urbanization. This movement caused some cities to double or even quadruple in size. London quickly became Europe’s largest city, doubling the size of Paris.

New social classes were created by the Industrial Revolution. The middle class owned the new factories and mines. The working class worked in the factories and mines They lived and worked in deplorable conditions.

Industrial Revolution cities No development plans, building or sanitary codes Lacked adequate education, housing and police No street drainage, thus human waste and garbage collected. These unsanitary conditions led to the spread of diseases. Cholera Average life span of city workers was 17! Workers reacted to these conditions through riots and religion.

Assessment Prompt 1 How did urbanization and the early moments of the Industrial Revolution create problems for cities?

Working Conditions Workers moved to the city to work in huge buildings called factories. Long Hours: 12-14 hr. days Dangerous machines Poorly lit No job security Filthy; polluted air No breaks Low wages Beatings Extreme heat

The coal mines were even worse than factories. Black lung disease Extreme heat Explosions Flooding Collapsing tunnels Employed many women and children Average life span was 10 yrs. Shorter than other workers.

Working class families also sent their children to work, many as young as 5 or 6 years old! “Factory Acts” were eventually passed to protect children. Eventually, other laws were passed to shorten the workday for women and require children to be educated.

Assessment Prompt 2 Explain the significance of the Factory Acts and how they impact the world to this day.

Results of Industrialization The Industrial Revolution can be said to be both a blessing and a curse… Negatives Outcomes Early Industrial Revolution was characterized by low pay and horrible living/working conditions Pollution

Positive Outcomes Reforms were eventually passed to improve conditions Better wages, hours, and conditions More jobs Increased income Advanced modes of transportation More goods, cheaper Increased standard of living Better educational opportunities

Assessment Prompt 3 Impacts of Industrialization Positive Negative

Activity “You went down one step even from the fowl area into the cellar in which a family of human beings lived. It was very dark inside. The window-panes many of them were broken and stuffed with rags…the smell was so foul as almost to knock the two men down…they began to penetrate the thick darkness of the place, and to see three or four little children rolling on the damp, nay wet brick floor, through which the stagnant, filthy moisture of the street oozed up.” – Elizabeth Gaskell

Task: Create a political cartoon that highlights a condition or problem associated with the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain. Here are some suggestions: Pollution Conditions of rich people and poor people Dangerous conditions in factories Crowded conditions in tenements The cartoon should display specific characters, a title, and captions or a phrase.

Journal