Psychology/Spinrad Three-Box Model of Memory

Organization of long-term memory By semantic category By sound of words—evidence from “tip of the tongue states”

Contents of long-term memory Procedural memories—knowing how Declarative memories—knowing that Semantic memories—internal representations of the world, independent of context Episodic memories—representations of personally experienced events

Spinrad procedural memory

Semantic memory

Episodic memory

Serial position effect—primacy and recency effects Provides evidence for the existence of short-term and long-term memories

Primacy effect Tendency to remember items that occur early in a list, due to transfer of items to LTM

Recency effect Tendency to remember items that occur near the end of a list, due to items still in STM at time of recall

It’s a competitive world, so when is the best time to present—first, last, or middle?

Remember… and beat the competition