Introduction to Geoinformatics L-10. Managing GIS Dr. György SZABÓ associate professor Budapest University of Technology and Economy Department of Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics gyszabo@eik.bme.hu

Contents OVERVIEW This chapter addresses the framework and operational management of GIS. Describes how to choose, implement, and manage operational GIS. It involves four key stages: the analysis of needs, their formal specification, the evaluation of alternatives, and the implementation of the chosen system. LEARNING OBJECTIVES Return on investment (ROI) concepts. How to go about choosing a GIS to meet your needs. Key GIS implementation issues. Longley, Goodchild, Maguire, Rhind (2011): Geographical Information Systems and Science CH – 17. pp. 427-449.

The most fundamental question: Do I really need a GIS? What value will an investment in GIS have for our organization? Cost reduction: utilities maintenance Cost avoidance: risk and natural hazard management Increased revenue: real estate management Generating wholly new products: satellite imagery, remote sensing Getting non-tangible benefits: make better decision, providing better service

Overview of GIS ROI methodology (Reproduced from Maguire et al. 2008)

ROI diagram: Return on investments - general concepts

GIS project life-cycle stages

General model of the GIS acquisition process

Stage 1: Analysis of requirements Step 1: Definition of objectives understandable definition of tactical and strategic objectives Step 2: User requirements analysis the used information, who is using it, how is being collected, stored and maintained Step 3: Preliminary design preliminary database, functional, system specification Step 4: Cost-benefit analysis investment and benefit analysis, simplified ROI Step 5: Pilot study miniature version of the full GIS implementation to test the project

Stage 2: Specification of requirements Step 6: Final design create the final design specification, finalizing the database, functional and performance specification Step 7: Request for proposals the RFP document combines the final design document with the contractual requirements of the organization, legal details: copyright, intellectual property ownership, payment schedules, timetable

Stage 3: Evaluation of alternatives Step 8: Short-listing choose 2-4 suppliers with weighted scoring from the potential vendors Step 9: Benchmarking evaluate the proposal, people, and technology of each vendor, each vendor is expected to create the prototype of the final system, the weighted scores form the bases of the final system selection Step 10: Cost-effectiveness evaluation complex analysis of cost-effectiveness, investment cost, licensees, customization, maintenance, TCO total cost of ownership

Stage 4: Implementation of system Step 11: Implementation plan schedule, installation plane , acceptance testing, data collection, staff training Step 12: Contract general and specific terms and conditions of the final contract to describe the delivered items and prices, insurance, warranty penalties Step 13: Acceptance testing to ensure that the delivered GIS matches for the contcract specification Step 14: Implementation to start the operational application, training the users and support staff, to start the system maintenance

Sample application definition form

A report produced by a local government GIS (Source: Mecklenburg County, North Carolina GIS; see polaris.mecklenburgcountync.gov/website/redesign/viewer.htm)

Gantt chart of a basic GIS project Gantt chart of a basic GIS project. This chart shows task resource requirements over time, with task dependencies. This example presents a straightforward chart, with a small number of tasks (Reproduced by permission of Washington State Department of Transportation)

The competences of people in GIS The GIS staff roles in a medium to large size GIS project

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