Cell Division Asexual Reproduction Learning Goal: To learn how cells asexually reproduce through cell division Success Criteria: I know I am succeeding when I can… recognize cell division as a form of asexual reproduction identify and describe the stages of cell division describe the end result of cell division Why do we resemble our parents? (We resemble our parents because we inherit traits from them.) 2. Why does asexual reproduction result in genetic clones? (During asexual reproduction, the organism makes a copy of itself without combining its genes with those from another organism. The offspring are a genetic copy of the single parent.) 3. Why are the offspring of sexual reproduction not genetically identical to either parent? (During sexual reproduction, genes from two individuals combine to produce offspring with new combinations of genes.)

Cell Division cell division consists of mitosis and cytokinesis— two of the stages of the cell cycle The Cell Cycle: Interphase Mitosis (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase & Telephase) Cytokinesis Mitosis & Cytokinesis Animation Why do we resemble our parents? (We resemble our parents because we inherit traits from them.) 2. Why does asexual reproduction result in genetic clones? (During asexual reproduction, the organism makes a copy of itself without combining its genes with those from another organism. The offspring are a genetic copy of the single parent.) 3. Why are the offspring of sexual reproduction not genetically identical to either parent? (During sexual reproduction, genes from two individuals combine to produce offspring with new combinations of genes.)

i. Interphase “In Between” cell grows and carries out its normal function chromosomes form a mass of tangled strands called chromatin chromosomes are replicated Why do we resemble our parents? (We resemble our parents because we inherit traits from them.) 2. Why does asexual reproduction result in genetic clones? (During asexual reproduction, the organism makes a copy of itself without combining its genes with those from another organism. The offspring are a genetic copy of the single parent.) 3. Why are the offspring of sexual reproduction not genetically identical to either parent? (During sexual reproduction, genes from two individuals combine to produce offspring with new combinations of genes.)

i. Interphase Cont’d… sister chromatids (each containing exactly the same genes at the same loci) remain attached by a structure called the centromere sister chromatids function as a single chromosome Why do we resemble our parents? (We resemble our parents because we inherit traits from them.) 2. Why does asexual reproduction result in genetic clones? (During asexual reproduction, the organism makes a copy of itself without combining its genes with those from another organism. The offspring are a genetic copy of the single parent.) 3. Why are the offspring of sexual reproduction not genetically identical to either parent? (During sexual reproduction, genes from two individuals combine to produce offspring with new combinations of genes.)

ii. Mitosis “Prepare” Prophase first phase of mitosis chromosomes begin to shorten and thicken and become visible under a microscope centrioles separate and move to opposite poles of the cell nuclear membrane starts to dissolve “Prepare” Centrioles are involved in the formation and organization of spindle fibres, which attach to the chromosomes during cell division. The centromere helps anchor the chromosomes to the spindle fibres

ii. Mitosis Cont’d… “Middle” Metaphase the spindle fibres attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes spindle fibres move and align the chromosomes in middle, or equator, of the cell Centrioles are involved in the formation and organization of spindle fibres, which attach to the chromosomes during cell division. The centromere helps anchor the chromosomes to the spindle fibres

ii. Mitosis Cont’d… “Apart” Anaphase the centromeres divide, and the sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell the same number and type of chromosomes will be found at each pole of the cell Centrioles are involved in the formation and organization of spindle fibres, which attach to the chromosomes during cell division. The centromere helps anchor the chromosomes to the spindle fibres

ii. Mitosis Cont’d… “The End” Telephase last phase of mitosis chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell and begin to unwind spindle fibres dissolve nuclear membranes form around the chromosomes result is two daughter nuclei Centrioles are involved in the formation and organization of spindle fibres, which attach to the chromosomes during cell division. The centromere helps anchor the chromosomes to the spindle fibres

iii. Cytokinesis “Two” cytoplasm is divided to form two new cells Centrioles are involved in the formation and organization of spindle fibres, which attach to the chromosomes during cell division. The centromere helps anchor the chromosomes to the spindle fibres

Homework 4.2 questions #3-5 Centrioles are involved in the formation and organization of spindle fibres, which attach to the chromosomes during cell division. The centromere helps anchor the chromosomes to the spindle fibres