Kingdom Plantae

All plants are eukaryotic autotrophs making food from sunlight through photosynthesis. Plants have cell walls made of cellulose.

A leaf is a broad flat organ that traps light energy for photosynthesis and exchanges gases through stomata.

Leaf cell

Plant Vascular Tissues Xylem – made up of a series of tubular cells that transport H2O and dissolved minerals upward from roots to leaves. Phloem – made up of a series of tubular cells that transport sugars(food) from leaves to all parts of the plant.

Bryophytes – mosses, liverworts, hornworts Bryophytes – mosses, liverworts, hornworts. All are non-vascular which means they don’t have a xylem and phloem.

Tracheophytes Have a vascular system that allows them to grow tall.