Modals Necessity

Expressing a need I need to…. I have to… I have got to…( no negative is used with this form) I must (not)…

Expressing a need I need to…. I have to… I have got to… I must … I need to study. I have to work tomorrow. I have got to finish my project tonight. => I’ve gotta finish…. I must do better. I must work harder. I must succeed!

Needs in the past and future I needed to… Last week, I needed to study for the midterms so I had not free time. I had to… Last month, I had to work a lot. I will need… Next year, I will need to find a job. I will have to…Next month, I will have to start studying for final exams. I must… Next week, I must visit my friend in Japan.

Practice Page 164 Exercise 13 Write down 4 past needs. Write down 4 future needs.

Lack of necessity or prohibition When used in the negative must and have to have different meanings! don’t have to… = lack of necessity must not = prohibition (DO NOT DO THIS!) You don’t have to go. Vs. You must not go. You don’t have to eat it. VS. You must not eat it. You don’t have to study. VS. You must not study.

Practice Page 165-166 Exercise 15 & 16

Obligation – be supposed to Expresses an expectation of an event or behavior The movie is supposed to start at 8pm. You are supposed to pour another persons cup of soju. You are supposed to hand in your assignments on time. He is supposed to meet me here at 11:30 for lunch. Class is supposed to finish at 12:20.

Obligation – be (past) supposed to Expresses an unfulfilled expectation of an event or behavior The movie was supposed to start at 8pm. You were supposed to pour their cup of soju. You were supposed to hand in your assignments on time. He was supposed to meet me here at 11:30 for lunch. Class was supposed to finish at 12:20.

Negative Obligation – be not supposed to Expresses an event or behavior that is not expected or proper in action right now. You are not supposed to write someone’s name in red. You are not supposed to pour your own cup of soju. You are not supposed to eat in class. The movie is not supposed to start.

Negative Obligation – be (past) not supposed to Expresses an event or behavior that was not expected or proper in the past. You were not supposed to write their name in red. You were not supposed to pour your own cup of soju. You were not supposed to eat in class. The movie was not supposed to start.

Practice Page 173 Exercise 31 Write down answers to the questions. Try to use both the positive and the negative.