UNIT 2 – RATES, RATIOS, & PROPORTIONS PERCENTAGES FRACTIONS DECIMALS

RATE As in “UNIT RATE” A COMPARISON OF TWO QUANTITIES MEASURED IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF UNITS For Example: Peter earned $27 for 3 hours worth of work. How much did he make per hour (Unit = money & Unit = hour) $27 ÷ 3h = $9 per hour or 3h ÷ $27 = .11 hours per dollar (18min to earn $1)

RATIOS A RATIO ENABLES YOU TO COMPARE TWO QUANTITIES THAT ARE OF THE SAME NATURE THE RATIO OF THE NUMBER a TO THE NUMBER b IS NOTED AS a:b For Example: FOR EVERY 2 STEPS BILLY TAKES HE WALKS 5 METERS 2:5

PROPORTIONS INVOLVES COMPARING SIMILAR RATES or RATIOS TO OTHER QUANTITIES OF THE SAME (or similar) NATURE IT INVOLVES COMPARING, MULTIPLYING, or DIVIDING For Example: Joey earned “Double” the wage of Erin for doing the same work. Joey = $10/hour – Erin = $5/hour Or: John ate 1/2 the pizza. He had 4/8 slices.

PERCENTAGES A PERCENTAGE IS A RATIO WHERE THE SECOND TERM IS 100. a:100 “PER CENT” FRENCH FOR OUT OF 100 AS A FRACTION – 100 IS THE DENOMINATOR 𝑎 100 FOR EXAMPLE – SARAH HAD 75% ON HER LAST TEST. 75 OUT OF 100 or 75:100 or 75 100 .

FRACTIONS A FRACTION ALLOWS YOU TO DETERMINE TWO QUANTITIES AND THEIR PROPORTION TO EACH OTHER AS PART OF A WHOLE. NUMERATOR – NUMBER ON TOP (PART) DENOMINATOR – NUMBER ON BOTTOM (WHOLE) FOR EXAMPLE – WE ATE 4 SLICES OF PIZZA. THE PIZZA WAS CUT INTO 8 SLICES. WE REPRESENT THAT FRACTION BY 4 8 . 4 PARTS OF THE WHOLE 8 EATEN

DECIMALS A PART OF A WHOLE NUMBER BROKEN DOWN OVER INCREMENTS OF 10 (EXPONENTIALLY – 10, 100, 1000, 10000, etc) FOR EXAMPLE 4 SLICES OUT OF 8 EATEN = .5 OF THE PIZZA EATEN