School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine

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School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine به نام خالق یکتا School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine 29 November 2018

Nanotechnology application in Neuroscience Opportunities and challenges Zahmatkesh Maryam, Faridi-Majidi Reza, Ejtemaee-Mehr Shahram School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine 29 November 2018

School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, 29 November 2018

Applications of nanotechnologies in Basic neuroscience Improved signal detection Single-particle tracking of target molecules in live cells Detection of ligand– receptor dynamics in the cell membrane New tools for studying neuronal signalling processes Possible of local and systemic toxicity for in vivo applications of Quantum-dot nanotechnology School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Gabriel A. Silva. Nature Reviews, Neuroscience. Volume 7, 2006: 65-74. 29 November 2018

Applications of nanotechnology in clinical neuroscience Applications of nanotechnology in neuroscience include research aimed at limiting and reversing neuropathological disease states. Nanoparticles that promote neuroprotection by limiting the effects of free radicals produced following trauma (for example, those produced by CNS secondary injury mechanisms). Neuroprotective strategies, in particular those that use fullerene derivatives; School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, 29 November 2018

Applications of nanotechnology in clinical neuroscience Nanoparticles designed to allow the transport of drugs and small molecules across the blood–brain barrier. School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Gabriel A. Silva. Nature Reviews, Neuroscience. Volume 7, 2006: 65-74. 29 November 2018

Summary of applications of nanotechnology in AD treatment Neuroprotection Antioxidant nanotechnology building blocks Carboxyfullerenes Hydroxyfullerenes Antiamyloid Antioligomeric Dendrimers Amyloid aggregates resolubilization Nanoparticles mediated Thermal energy supply anti-assembly strategy Nanogels artificial chaperons Hydrated Fulleren Anti-amyloid toxicity Protecting against NMDA-R toxicity Memantine (adamantine nanotechnology building block) School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Amir Nazema and G. Ali Mansoorib. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 13 (2008) 199–223. 29 November 2018

Endogenous Nanoparticles 29 November 2018 School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine,

Schematic presentation of the biogenesis and composition of the three main classes of extracellular vesicles Exosomes are small (40-80 nm), relatively homogenous in size, and may contain (endosomal) proteins involved in their assembly, such as CD9, Alix and TSG101. Kooijmans S. AA., et al.,International Journal of Nanomedicine 2012:7 1525–1541.

Exosome They are concentrated carriers of genetic and proteomic information, and thus are believed to play important roles in intercellular communication. School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Kooijmans S. AA., et al., International Journal of Nanomedicine 2012:7 1525–1541. 29 November 2018

Exosome Mimetics 29 November 2018 School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine,

29 November 2018 School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine,

Advantages over conventional drug delivery systems Virus-based drug delivery systems, their potential for insertional mutagenesis or oncogenesis, high production costs, and risk of immunogenicity limit their clinical use. Nonviral drug delivery vehicles, such as cationic polyplexes and lipoplexes, are generally considered to be less immunogenic and mutagenic, but cytotoxicity and low transfection efficiencies in vivo are still major challenges to overcome. School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, 29 November 2018 Kooijmans S. AA., et al.,International Journal of Nanomedicine 2012:7 1525–1541.

Exosome mimetics It is well possible that not all components of exosomes are required for their proper functioning, an alternative strategy would be to mimic these vesicles synthetically. By assembly of liposomes harboring only crucial components of natural exosomes, functional exosome mimetics may be create. School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, 29 November 2018 Kooijmans S. AA., et al.,International Journal of Nanomedicine 2012:7 1525–1541.

Nanotechnology application in Neuroscience Opportunities and challenges Zahmatkesh Maryam, Faridi-Majidi Reza, Ejtemaee-Mehr Shahram School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine 29 November 2018

International Journal of Nanomedicine 2007:2(4) 639–649 School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, 29 November 2018