Propulsion PDR AAE 451: Team 2 Michael Caldwell Jeff Haddin Asif Hossain James Kobyra John McKinnis Kathleen Mondino Andrew Rodenbeck Jason Tang Joe Taylor Tyler Wilhelm February 10, 2005

Overview Revisit Initial Sizing Motor Sizing Motor Selection Propeller Sizing February 10, 2005

Aircraft 3-View February 10, 2005

Initial Sizing February 10, 2005

Initial Sizing Mission Requirements 15 min. endurance Take-off distance ≤ 60 ft. Vstall ≤ 15 ft./s Vloiter ≤ 25 ft./s Turn Radius of 35 ft. February 10, 2005

Initial Sizing Payload Rate Gyro: 0.06 lbf Auto Pilot: 0.20 lbf Wheel Covers: 0.15 lbf Total: 0.41 lbf Weight LiPoly: 1.97 lbf NiCad: 3.87 lbf February 10, 2005

Initial Sizing Design Space Design Point February 10, 2005

Initial Sizing Conclusions Wing Loading: 0.376 lbf/ft2 Power Loading: 32.74 lbf/hp LiPoly Weight: 1.97lbf Wing Area: 5.24 ft2 Power: 0.060 hp NiCad Weight: 3.87 lbf Wing Area: 10.29 ft2 Power: 0.118 hp February 10, 2005

Thrust Required February 10, 2005

Power & Endurance Required February 10, 2005

Component Trade Study www.hobby-lobby.com www.balsapr.com February 10, 2005

Motor & Battery Selection Brushless Brushed AXI 2808 2.75oz 1300RPM/V $49.99 Graupner Speed 500 5.71oz 1300RPM/V $16.90 Kokam Li-Poly 2 cell 1200mAh & 7.2v 1.8oz $29.99 NiMH 7 cell 1100mAh & 7.2v 3.2oz $31.20 February 10, 2005

Salient Propeller Parameters Dimensional Diameter Pitch (forward motion in each rotation) RPM Flight velocity (Take-off and Loiter) Non-dimensional Thrust Coefficient Power Coefficient Propeller Efficiency Advance Ratio Goldstien’s Classical Vortex Model used in analysis February 10, 2005

Turning vs. Loiter Operation February 10, 2005

Thrust and Advance Ratio February 10, 2005

Power and Advance Ratio February 10, 2005

Propeller Efficiency and Advance Ratio February 10, 2005

Choice of Motors (RPM) February 10, 2005

Effect of Pitch and Diameter on Thrust February 10, 2005

Effect of Pitch and Diameter on Power February 10, 2005

Effect of Pitch and Diameter on Efficiency February 10, 2005

Propeller Selection Brushless motor propeller Brushed motor propeller 10 in diameter 4.52 in pitch 82% efficiency Brushed motor propeller 14 in diameter 4.84 in pitch 79% efficiency February 10, 2005

Questions? Summary Revisit Initial Sizing Motor Sizing Motor Selection Propeller Sizing Questions? February 10, 2005