Stress
What is stress?
What is stress? Prominence on a particular syllable
What makes the prominence? It’s language dependent
What makes the prominence? It’s language dependent It can be a mixture of Amplitude Length Pitch
What makes the prominence? Higher pitch [depósito deposíto depositó]
What makes the prominence? Higher amplitude [apójo]
What makes the prominence? Longer vowels [belézə]
What makes the prominence? Phone variation
What makes the prominence? Phone variation Unstressed vowels in English tend to become [ə] Cómbine [kham] Combíne [khəm]
What makes the prominence? Phone variation Unstressed vowels in English tend to become [ə] Unstressed [o] in Catalan is [u]
Predicable stress in some languages French Stress falls on last syllable unless unless last syllable is schwa If last syllable is schwa stress falls on penultimate syllable
Predicable stress in some languages Spanish (~90% correct Penultimate stress if word ends in V, [n, s] Final stress if word ends in C (except [n, s])
Some words don’t get stress In English we generally don’t stress In, to, for, us, the, a, him, she
Morphology influences stress -ness, -less don’t influence Sérious, sériousness Pówer, Pówerless
Morphology influences stress -ness, -less don’t influence Sérious, sériousness Pówer, Pówerless -ic, -ee do influence Phótograph, photográphic Ábsent, absentée
What is the stress rule?