Unit 8: World War II 3.6.17

Entry Task Please turn in your Postcards from the Past project Then take out your notebook & be ready for notes

Refresher Course Treaty of Versailles, 1919 Peace Treaty of WWI Written by Allied Powers with no input from Germany Created the League of Nations Germany not allowed to join for 7 years US voted not to join – because did not agree with “internationalism”

Refresher Course Treaty of Versailles, 1919 Re-drew German boundaries, giving land to other countries Took all colonies away from Germany Reduced Germany’s military forces Blamed Germany for WWI Imposed financial obligations on Germany Germany signed under protest

Post-WWI Treaty enforced strictly at first But then, Great Depression Countries could no longer afford to watch Germany Germany couldn’t pay debts Enter, Hitler

Fascism Rises in Europe Fascism: A militant political movement emphasizing loyalty to the state & obedience to a leader Leader has complete authority Sometimes emphasizes the greater importance of an ethnic group

Fascism Rises in Europe Totalitarian Rule: Government that exerts total control over a nation Dictator: a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained power by force

Italy - Mussolini 1922: Took complete control of Italy -“Il Duce” His goal: create a new Roman Empire Organized gangs of “Blackshirts” Suspended elections & declared dictatorship

Russia - Stalin Stalin had been gathering power in Russia Made Russia into an industrial power Controlled Russia almost entirely through fear

Japan - Hirohito Japan’s Emperor, Hirohito, also began gathering power before WWII Japan had also been launching invasions of China, trying to gain more land 1937 Japan begins all-out brutal invasion of China Condemned by world powers “Rape of Nanking” – 100,000 civilians put to death or brutalized

Germany - Hitler 1923: Hitler tries to overthrow the government, but fails. While in prison, he wrote Mein Kampf Blamed Jews, proposed building stronger military and expanding German borders A powerful & spellbinding speaker, attracted Germans desperate for change Promised the disenchanted a better life & a new and glorious Germany 1932: Hitler becomes Chancellor