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Nucleic Acids Individual unit called a (mono)nucleotide

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http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-coventry-warwickshire-19463057

3.3.2 State the names of the four bases in DNA. You should be able to… 3.3.1 Outline DNA nucleotide structure in terms of sugar (deoxyribose), base and phosphate. 3.3.2 State the names of the four bases in DNA. 3.3.3 Outline how DNA nucleotides are linked together by covalent bonds into a single strand. 3.3.4 Explain how a DNA double helix is formed using complementary base pairing and hydrogen bonds. 3.3.5 Draw and label a simple diagram of the molecular structure of DNA.

Nucleotide Structure 3 components: Pentose sugar Organic base Phosphate sugar base Stay the same Changes Contains nitrogen & carbon Pentose sugar (5 Carbon atoms) 3 components: Pentose sugar (ribose in DNA) Phosphoric acid Organic base (always contains nitrogen)

4 Bases Purines – Pyrimidines – Double ringed structure Single ringed structure

2 condensation reactions occur in the formation of a nucleotide: Phosphate 2 condensation reactions occur in the formation of a nucleotide: H Ester bond OH Glycosidic bond OH H Base Sugar

Tell me… 4 names of bases in DNA components of a nucleotide 2 types of bonds in a nucleotide 1 difference between purine and pyrimidine bases

Complementary Base Pairing *Purines always pair with pyrimidines* A joins to T (2 hydrogen bonds) C joins to G (3 hydrogen bonds) see

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/edexcel_pre_2011/genes/dnarev1.shtml

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/builddna/

5’ 3 hydrogen bonds 3’ C G 0.34nm A T 3’ 2 hydrogen bonds 5’ 2nm

For the DNA strand 5'-TACGATCATAT-3' the correct complementary DNA strand is: B 3'-ATGCTAGTATA-5' C 3'-AUGCUAGUAUA-5' D 3'-GCATATACGCG-5' E 3'-TATACTAGCAT-5'

Nucleotide 3 components: Pentose sugar; deoxyribose Phosphate group Nitrogenous base; 4 types: Join by condensation phosphate base Stay the same sugar Changes Contains nitrogen & carbon Ribose sugar in RNA Deoxyribose sugar in DNA Pentose sugar (5 Carbon atoms)

Build a DNA molecule!

http://www. nobelprize http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/dna_double_helix/dnahelix.html