PHOTOSYNTHESIS and RESPIRATION BIOCHEMISTRY 2 PHOTOSYNTHESIS and RESPIRATION

Photosynthesis Related Vocabulary Nutrition: The way an organism obtains its’ food. Autotrophic Nutrition: A type of nutrition in which an organism synthesizes organic substances from inorganic substances. Ex. Autotrophs: Organisms that can synthesizes organic food substances from inorganic substances. Photosynthesis: The process by which energy from light is converted into chemical energy in the presence of chlorophyll Chemosynthesis- The process by which energy from chemicals are converted into chemical energy.

Photosynthesis During photosynthesis, _____ energy is converted into the ________ energy of ORGANIC molecules. light chemical It is an important process because nearly all of the chemical energy available to living organisms in food comes directly or indirectly from photosynthesis. In addition, almost all of the ______ in the air comes from photosynthesis. oxygen

In most organisms, the reactions for photosynthesis take place in cell organelles called ___________. Chloroplasts contain green pigments called, ___________ as well as other pigments. chloroplasts chlorophylls Inside the chloroplasts are stacked disks called ______. It is in the ______ that chlorophyll is held and light energy for photosynthesis is trapped. The spaces inside the chloroplasts contain a protein-containing fluid called ______. grana grana stroma

Chloroplast Structure

In the reactions of photosynthesis, energy from ____ is trapped by chlorophyll and used to make simple sugars from carbon dioxide and water. _______ is released as a by-product of the reactions. light Oxygen Photosynthesis Reaction: (word equation) Light energy Carbon dioxide + + + Water Glucose Oxygen Water Chlorophyll Enzymes

Photosynthesis Reaction: (word equation) Carbon dioxide + Water Glucose Oxygen Light energy Chlorophyll Enzymes (chemical equation) Light energy 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O Chlorophyll Enzymes

_____ is the source of energy for photosynthesis _____ is the source of energy for photosynthesis. However, only certain wavelengths of light can be used. White light, such as sunlight, is made up of many different wavelengths of light. You know these wavelengths of light as the colors of the ________. Light rainbow

The wavelengths of light that are most efficient for photosynthesis are ____ and ____ wavelengths. This is because they are absorbed by chlorophyll to a greater degree than other wavelengths. red blue Wavelengths of _____ light are less effective because they tend to be reflected by chlorophyll instead of absorbed. Plants appear green because of the green wavelengths reflected by chlorophyll. green

Light absorption by chloroplast pigments

The _______ that is formed may be: glucose Used as an energy source in cellular respiration Synthesized into other organic compounds Converted into storage products by dehydration synthesis.

Review

Stomates & Guard Cells in the leaf Function of stomates CO2 in O2 out H2O out gets to leaves for photosynthesis Function of guard cells open & close stomates guard cell stomate

Factors Affecting Rate of Photosynthesis Temperature: increases rate up to a certain point Light Intensity: increases rate up to a certain point CO2 level: Increases rate up to a certain point Water: decrease water, decrease photosynthesis Minerals; Ex. Magnesium, Nitrogen